Effects of mechanical harvesting on <italic style="font-style: italic">Camellia oleifera</italic> flower and fruit characteristics

SHENG Yu; HE Lei-ying; LIU Lin-xiu; TANG Jing-yu; HONG You-jun; TENG Jian-hua; DU Xiao-qiang; ZHUANG Qi-yin; YAO Xiao-hua

doi:10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2026008

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Effects of mechanical harvesting on Camellia oleifera flower and fruit characteristics

更新时间：2026-11-03

- Effects of mechanical harvesting on Camellia oleifera flower and fruit characteristics
- Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences Vol. 48, Issue 5, Pages: 240-247(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所/林木遗传育种全国重点实验室，浙江杭州，311400
  2.浙江理工大学，浙江杭州，310018
  3.信阳师范大学茶学与食品学院河南省油茶生物学与高值化利用国际联合实验室，河南信阳，464000
  4.国家林草局哈尔滨林业机械研究所，黑龙江哈尔滨，150086
  5.浙江省金华市东方红林场，浙江金华，321025
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2026008
  CLC： S565.9;S794.4
- Received：12 January 2026，
  
  Published：25 October 2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
盛宇,贺磊盈,刘林秀等.机械采收对油茶花果特性的影响[J].中国油料作物学报,2026,48(05):240-247.

SHENG Yu,HE Lei-ying,LIU Lin-xiu,et al.Effects of mechanical harvesting on Camellia oleifera flower and fruit characteristics[J].Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences,2026,48(05):240-247.
盛宇,贺磊盈,刘林秀等.机械采收对油茶花果特性的影响[J].中国油料作物学报,2026,48(05):240-247. DOI： 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2026008.

SHENG Yu,HE Lei-ying,LIU Lin-xiu,et al.Effects of mechanical harvesting on Camellia oleifera flower and fruit characteristics[J].Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences,2026,48(05):240-247. DOI： 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2026008.

摘要

采收机械化是油茶产业发展的迫切需求。油茶花果同期的生物学特性和山地丘陵等立地的复杂性，对油茶机械化采收提出了挑战。为评价轻简油茶采收机械的适配性，比较了手持梳刷式和振动式机械与人工采收对油茶树体损伤及来年生长物候和油脂性状的影响。结果显示，采收方式显著影响油茶树体叶片和花苞脱落。应用机械采收导致的油茶平均花苞脱落率和叶片脱落率分别较人工采收高21%~31%和16%~21%；人工采收时，单位千克采果量的花苞、叶片、枝条综合脱落量较机械采收降低62%～78%。不同油茶品种的机械采收落叶敏感性存在差异。梳刷式和振动式机械采收导致的CL53和CL4叶片脱落率均略高于人工采收，但差异不明显。相比之下，CL18中梳刷式和振动式机械采收的叶片脱落率分别为11.1%和9.4%，均显著高于人工采收（6.5%）。总体来说，在树体损伤控制方面，振动式机械表现优于梳刷式机械。机械采收和人工采收方式对油茶来年含油率、脂肪酸组分和生物物候期的影响差别不大。油茶机械采收应与人工采收和油茶树体结构管理相结合。

Abstract

Harvesting mechanization has become an urgent need in the development of

Camellia oleifera

industry. Mechanized harvesting for

C. oleifera

encounters multiple challenges

including synchronous growth of flower buds and fruits

and complex terrain of cultivation areas. To assess the suitability of mini harvesting equipments

this study compared the effects of handheld comb-type and vibrating harvesters with manual harvesting on tree damage

subsequent growth phenology

and oil quality of

C. oleifera

. Results indicated that the harvesting method significantly affected the abscission of leaves and floral buds. Mechanical harvesting increased average floral bud and leaf abscission rates by 21%–31% and 16%–21%

respect

ively

compared to manual harvesting. In contrast

manual harvesting reduced the abscission of flower buds

leaves

and branches per kilogram of fruit yield by 62%–78% relative to mechanical methods. Varietal differences were observed in sensitivity to leaf abscission during mechanical harvesting. Varieties from Changlin seires as CL53 and CL4 showed only slightly higher leaf abscission rates under mechanized harvesting compared to manual harvesting. CL18 exhibited significantly higher leaf abscission rates of 11.1% and 9.4% using comb-type and vibrating harvesting

respectively

than that of 6.5% with manual harvesting. Overall

the vibrating harvester outperformed the comb-type in terms of tree damage. Mechanical and manual harvesting showed relatively similar effects on oil content

fatty acid composition

and growth phenology in the following year. It recommended that mechanical harvesting should be integrated with manual methods and optimized tree structure management for better development.

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Keywords

references

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Effects of mechanical harvesting on Camellia oleifera flower and fruit characteristics

DOI：10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2026008

摘要

Abstract

关键词

Keywords

references