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段立曾, 张虎才, 李东林, et al. Pollution Characteristics of Microplastics in Surface Sediments from Lake Qilu[J]. 2024, 47(S1): 140-149.
段立曾, 张虎才, 李东林, et al. Pollution Characteristics of Microplastics in Surface Sediments from Lake Qilu[J]. 2024, 47(S1): 140-149. DOI: 10.19672/j.cnki.1003-6504.1689.23.338.
为探究杞麓湖微塑料(MPs)的污染特征及潜在来源机制,作者采用浮选法分离出36个位点表层沉积物中的MPs,通过显微镜和扫描电镜(SEM-EDS)观察MPs的表面结构、形态特征、微观结构及附着元素等,结合沉积物总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、有机质(OM)、碳酸盐和粒度等理化指标,探讨了MPs的分布特征、影响因素和潜在来源机制。结果表明:杞麓湖表层沉积物中MPs的检出率高达100%,其丰度范围介于50~680个/kg之间,平均丰度157.66个/kg。物理构成特征以粒径1 mm(65.09%),纤维状(96.85%),透明(51.01%)和蓝色(38.7%)的MPs为优势组分。在人类活动、入湖河分布及常年盛行风等因素的综合作用下,MPs丰度呈现南部、东北部湖区最高,湖心和西部湖区相对较低的空间分布格局。相关分析表明,MPs丰度和组合特征均与沉积物理化因子之间无显著相关性,流域土地利用类型、人类活动和径流输入是MPs污染状况及空间分布的主导因素。依据物理组合特征,推测其来源为日常使用塑料制品(衣物洗涤、渔具使用)和周边农用地膜的分解等。整体而言,杞麓湖面临着水体富营养化、重金属污染等传统环境问题和MPs等新型污染物质并存的多重环境压力,亟需更多的关注。
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