许冲, 高明星, 薛智文, et al. 专栏评论:高新技术赋能地震与地质灾害防治研究进展[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2025, 44(4): 16-22.
DOI:
许冲, 高明星, 薛智文, et al. 专栏评论:高新技术赋能地震与地质灾害防治研究进展[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2025, 44(4): 16-22.DOI: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20250004.
专栏评论:高新技术赋能地震与地质灾害防治研究进展
摘要
随着遥感、物联网、人工智能、大数据、云计算以及近年来迅速发展的大语言模型(large language models,简称LLMs)等高新技术持续取得突破,地震与地质灾害研究正加速从传统依赖单一数据源与经验规则的范式,迈向多源信息融合与智能驱动的风险识别和决策支持体系。基于“高新技术在地震与地质灾害领域的应用研究”专栏,系统梳理了当前在物理仿真模拟、深度学习识别、遥感集成分析、智能预警技术与知识图谱构建等关键方向的研究进展,概括展示了高新技术在灾害风险监测、致灾机制解析与应急响应支撑中的典型应用与发展趋势。在此基础上,进一步总结了多模态数据集成、灾害链建模、模型泛化能力与场景适应性等方面面临的技术瓶颈,探讨了大语言模型在地震与地质灾害领域中的潜在价值,包括知识抽取、因果推理与多场景风险研判等方面的前沿探索。
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