塔里木盆地库车坳陷南斜坡海陆相来源油识别与混源油贡献定量评价：以牙哈构造带为例

蒋俊; 平宏伟; 吴少军; 赵凤全; 王晓雪; 袁瑞; 鲁中灯; 邓晓睿; 宋煜

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240749

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塔里木盆地库车坳陷南斜坡海陆相来源油识别与混源油贡献定量评价：以牙哈构造带为例

更新时间：2026-11-05

- 塔里木盆地库车坳陷南斜坡海陆相来源油识别与混源油贡献定量评价：以牙哈构造带为例
- Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology Vol. 44, Issue 4, Pages: 201-216(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国石油天然气股份有限公司塔里木油田公司
  2. 中国石油天然气集团有限公司超深层复杂油气藏勘探开发技术研发中心
  3. 中国地质大学(武汉)资源学院石油地质系
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240749
  CLC： P618.13
- Online First：23 June 2025，
  
  Published：23 June 2025
- 稿件说明：
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蒋俊, 平宏伟, 吴少军, et al. 塔里木盆地库车坳陷南斜坡海陆相来源油识别与混源油贡献定量评价：以牙哈构造带为例[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2025, 44(4): 201-216.
DOI：

蒋俊, 平宏伟, 吴少军, et al. 塔里木盆地库车坳陷南斜坡海陆相来源油识别与混源油贡献定量评价：以牙哈构造带为例[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2025, 44(4): 201-216. DOI： 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240749.

摘要

库车坳陷南斜坡牙哈地区是塔里木盆地重要的油气富集区，然而其原油来源仍不明确。选取了牙哈地区13个原油样品对其进行了有机地球化学分析，并采用端元油模拟混合的方法揭示了混源油中海陆相油混源贡献。依据原油生物标志化合物特征，牙哈地区原油可以大致分为3类：陆相油、海相油以及混合油。陆相油主要来自陆相源岩，姥鲛烷和植烷比值（Pr/Ph）介于1.20～2.35，平均值为1.74，三环萜烷（TT）以C2

TT和C21TT为主峰，存在高丰度的C

早洗脱重排藿烷（X化合物）等重排类化合物，正构烷烃碳同位素值介于-28‰～-32‰。海相油是多期海相油的混合，Pr/Ph介于0.74～0.92，平均值为0.81，三环萜烷以C

TT和C

TT为主峰，存在高丰度的长链三环萜烷，正构烷烃碳同位素值均轻于-32‰。此外，海相油中均检测到25-降藿烷类化合物，指示海相原油早期遭受了强烈的生物降解。混合油兼具海相和陆相油的生物标志化合物和碳同位素特征。除牙哈401和牙哈3井计算的原油绝对成熟度值偏低外（牙哈401井镜质体反射率R

为0.54%，牙哈3井R

为0.57%），研究区内其他原油的成熟度总体分布比较均匀，R

介于0.86%～1.11%，平均值为0.97%。二端元混合贡献计算结果表明，研究区混合油中海相油占比均超过60%，其中桥古1井海相油占比可达到90%以上。油源分析表明研究区的陆相油主要来源于三叠系黄山街组，海相油来源于寒武系玉尔吐斯组。研究成果表明库车坳陷南斜坡传统陆相油区依然存在发现海相油气的潜力，对拓展南斜坡下一步油气勘探领域具有重要指导意义。

Abstract

ObjectiveThe Yaha area on the southern slope of the Kuqa sub-basin is a significant hydrocarbon-rich region in the Tarim Basin; however

the origin of its crude oil remains unclear. MethodsThis study analyzed 13 crude oil samples from the Yaha area using organic geochemical techniques and employed an end-member oil mixing model to quantify the contributions of marine and terrestrial sources in the mixed oils. ResultsBiomarker characteristics indicate that the crude oils in the Yaha area can be broadly classified into three types: Terrestrial oils

marine oils

and mixed oils. Terrestrial oils primarily derive from lacustrine source rocks

with pristane/phytane (Pr/Ph) values ranging from 1.20 to 2.35 (averaging 1.74). The tricyclic terpanes (TT) are dominated by C20TT and C21TT

with a high abundance of rearranged compounds such as C30 early-eluting rearranged hopanes (compound X). The n-alkane carbon isotope values range from −28‰ to 32‰. Marine oils are a mixture of multi-stage marine source rock contributions

exhibiting Pr/Ph values between 0.74 and 0.92 (average of 0.81)

with peak C23TT and C24TT compounds and a high abundance of long-chain tricyclic terpanes. Their n-alkane carbon isotope values are generally lighter than −32‰. Additionally

the presence of 25-norhopane compounds in the marine oils indicates significant early-stage biodegradation.. Mixed oils display biomarker and isotopic features characteristic of both marine and terrestrial oils. Except for the lower absolute maturity values observed in wells Yaha5

Yaha 401

and Yaha 3 (Well Yaha 3: 0.57% Rc; Well Yaha 401: 0.54% Rc)

the overall maturity distribution across the study area is relatively uniform

ranging from 0.86 to 1.11% Rc

with an average of 0.97% Rc. Two-end-member mixing calculation suggests that marine oils account for over 60% of the mixed oils in the study area

with marine the contribution in Well Qiaogu 1 exceeding 90%. Source analysis indicates that the terrestrial oils primarily originate from the Triassic Huangshanjie Formation

while the marine oils are derived from the Cambrian Yuertusi Formation. ConclusionThese findings demonstrate that the continental oil prospects on the southern slope of the Kuqa sub-basin remain promising for discovering marine oil and gas resources. This has significant implications for expanding future oil and gas exploration in the southern slope of the Kuqa Depression.

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