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1.中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程学院,沈阳 110016
2.中国科学院金属研究所师昌绪先进材料创新中心,沈阳 110016
3.东北大学材料科学与工程学院,沈阳 110819
Received:11 May 2026,
Revised:2026-06-05,
Accepted:10 June 2026,
Published:20 October 2026
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朱崇伟,张志鹏,王家健,等. 低成本镍基单晶高温合金研究进展[J]. 特种铸造及有色合金,2026,46(10):1 441-1 451.
ZHU C W,ZHANG Z P,WANG J J,et al. Research progress in low-cost nickel-based single crystal superalloys[J]. Special Casting & Nonferrous Alloys,2026,46(10):1 441-1 451.
朱崇伟,张志鹏,王家健,等. 低成本镍基单晶高温合金研究进展[J]. 特种铸造及有色合金,2026,46(10):1 441-1 451. DOI: 10.15980/j.tzzz.Y20260009.
ZHU C W,ZHANG Z P,WANG J J,et al. Research progress in low-cost nickel-based single crystal superalloys[J]. Special Casting & Nonferrous Alloys,2026,46(10):1 441-1 451. DOI: 10.15980/j.tzzz.Y20260009.
镍基单晶高温合金是航空发动机涡轮叶片的核心材料,但高Re含量导致其成本高昂。以“成分-工艺-组织-性能”为主线,对低成本镍基单晶高温合金的研究进展进行综述。合金分为二代改良型、无Re创新型和多代跨域型,通过W、Mo、Ta等元素协同替代Re实现强化。拉伸性能呈中温峰值、高温衰减特征;蠕变性能受沉淀强化、固溶强化、错配度及扩散系数调控;抗氧化性能依赖Al、Cr、Ta形成保护层,且氧化与疲劳存在耦合效应。展望了机器学习、多尺度模拟等新兴方法,旨在为低成本高性能单晶高温合金的研发提供参考。
Nickel-based single crystal superalloys are key materials for turbine blades in aero-engines, while high Re content leads to prohibitive costs. The research progress in low-cost nickel-based single crystal superalloys was reviewed centred on "composition-process-microstructure-property". Alloys are divided into second-generation modified types, Re-free innovative type and multi-generation cross-domain type, which achieve strengthening through the synergistic replacement of Re by W, Mo and Ta. Tensile properties are characterized by medium-temperature peak and high-temperature attenuation. Creep properties are regulated by precipitation strengthening, solid solution strengthening, lattice mismatch and diffusion coefficient. Oxidation resistance relies on the protective layer formed by Al, Cr and Ta, and a coupling effect is generated between oxidation and fatigue. Finally, emerging methods such as machine learning and multi-scale simulation were prospected, aiming to provide theoretical references for research and development of low-cost and high-performance single crystal superalloy.
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