
浏览全部资源
扫码关注微信
1.燕山大学冷带轧制装备与技术国家工程研究中心,秦皇岛 066004
2.东北大学轧制技术及自动化国家重点实验室,沈阳 110819
3.广西大学特色金属材料与组合材料结构全生命周期安全国家重点实验室,南宁 530004
4.滨州铝产业先进制造山东省实验室,滨州 256606
5.滨州魏桥国科高等技术研究院,滨州 256606
Received:22 October 2025,
Revised:2026-04-08,
Accepted:09 April 2026,
Published:20 October 2026
移动端阅览
钱晓明,张向阳,徐艺菲,等. 电磁场对金属凝固影响机制研究进展[J]. 特种铸造及有色合金,2026,46(10):1 470-1 478.
QIAN X M,ZHANG X Y,XU Y F,et al. Research progress in influence mechanism of electromagnetic field on metal solidification[J]. Special Casting & Nonferrous Alloys,2026,46(10):1 470-1 478.
钱晓明,张向阳,徐艺菲,等. 电磁场对金属凝固影响机制研究进展[J]. 特种铸造及有色合金,2026,46(10):1 470-1 478. DOI: 10.15980/j.tzzz.T20250382.
QIAN X M,ZHANG X Y,XU Y F,et al. Research progress in influence mechanism of electromagnetic field on metal solidification[J]. Special Casting & Nonferrous Alloys,2026,46(10):1 470-1 478. DOI: 10.15980/j.tzzz.T20250382.
目前优化凝固过程以改善合金性能是材料研究首要突破点。电磁外场的引入为调控凝固过程提供了新的途径,通过影响熔体的流动、传热和相变行为,实现对凝固过程的精确控制,从而改善产品质量。对不同种类电磁外场影响金属凝固组织的机理进行了系统性分析,综述了国内外电磁场对凝固过程的研究进展。从金属凝固本质、电磁场参数出发,分析了电磁场干预金属凝固的影响规律及作用机理,综述了电磁场引入金属凝固相关技术的作用。
Optimizing the solidification process to enhance alloy properties has become a key breakthrough point in contemporary research. Inducing external electromagnetic fields offers a novel approach to regulating solidification processes, and precise control over solidification can be achieved through influencing melt flow, heat transfer, and phase transformation behaviors, thereby improving product quality. Influence mechanisms of various types of electromagnetic fields on solidification microstructure were analyzed systematically, and impact mechanisms of electromagnetic field on solidification process were reviewed domestically and abroad. The influence law and action mechanisms of electromagnetic field intervening solidification were examined based on the essence of metal solidification and parameters for electromagnetic field, and relevant technologies of metal solidification involving electromagnetic fields were reviewed.
王芳 , 张世杰 , 周一帆 , 等 . 物理外场对合金组织及力学性能影响研究现状及进展 [J]. 特种铸造及有色合金 , 2024 , 44 ( 2 ): 158 - 164 .
李跃 , 王子铭 , 孙本辰 , 等 . 电磁冶金对凝固组织特性影响的研究进展 [J]. 材料热处理学报 , 2023 , 44 ( 12 ): 16 - 34 .
EDR Y , FRAGE N , HAYUN S . The effect of pulse magneto-oscillation treatment on the structure of aluminum solidified under controlled convection [J]. Mater. Lett. , 2016 , 182 : 118 - 120 .
胡世平 , 陈乐平 , 周全 . 物理场对金属凝固组织影响的研究进展 [J]. 特种铸造及有色合金 , 2018 , 38 ( 7 ): 717 - 720 .
LI D L , YU E L , LIU Z T . Mechanism research and progress of metal’s pure electroplastic effect [J]. Applied Mechanics and Materials Trans. Tech. Publications, 2012 , 184 : 1 060 - 1 063 .
ZHU X , KOTADIA H , XU S , et al . Modeling electromigration for microelectronics design [J]. Journal of Computational Science and Technology , 2013 , 7 ( 2 ): 251 - 264 .
WANG X L , WU N , LIU M S , et al . Effect of electric current densities on microstructure and mechanical properties of Cu-Zn alloy [C]// 8th International Conference on Electromagnetic Processing of Materials . Cannes : France , 2015 .
MISRA A K . A novel solidification technique of metals and alloys: Under the influence of applied potential [J]. Metallurgical Transactions . 1985 , A16 : 1 354 - 1 355 .
AHMED S , BOND R , MCKNAAN E C . Solidification processing superalloys in an electric field [J]. Advanced Materials and Processes , 1991 , 140 : 30 - 32 .
顾根大 . 电场作用下金属定向凝固行为的研究 [D]. 哈尔滨 : 哈尔滨工业大学 , 1989 .
王劲 , 尹建军 , 丁雨田 , 等 . ZA27合金在直流电流作用下的凝固行为 [J]. 甘肃工业大学学报 , 2003 ( 3 ): 36 - 38 .
李万锋 , 杨院生 , 于力 , 等 . 直流电场作用对K417G镍基高温合金凝固组织的影响 [J]. 材料工程 , 2001 ( 9 ): 7 - 9,13 .
JEE S C , LA M , KIM D E , et al . Effect of electric current on the microstructural refinement of pure aluminum [J]. Journal of Materials Research and Technology , 2021 , 12 : 818 - 830 .
JIA P F , CAO Y H , GENG Y D , et al . Effects of dc current on the phase transformation in 7050 alloy during homogenization [J]. Materials Characterization , 2014 , 96 : 21 - 27 .
HE L , JIA P F , ZHANG L , et al . Evolution of secondary phases and properties of 7B04 aluminum alloy during DC homogenization [J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China , 2016 , 26 ( 2 ): 319 - 327 .
JIANG H X , ZHAO J Z , HE J . Solidification behavior of immiscible alloys under the effect of a direct current [J]. Journal of Materials Science & Technology , 2014 , 30 ( 10 ): 1 027 - 1 035 .
YANG F F , CHEN Z N , CAO F , et al . Grain nucleation and growth behavior of a Sn-Pb alloy affected by direct current: An in-situ investigation [J]. Journal of Materials Science & Technology , 2017 , 33 ( 10 ): 1 134 - 1 140 .
丘永福 , 高德民 , 陈磊 , 等 . 脉冲电流对AZ91镁合金凝固组织和力学性能的影响 [J]. 特种铸造及有色合金 , 2007 , 27 ( 8 ): 633 - 635 .
张西锋 , 袁守谦 , 谷坤文 , 等 . 不同脉冲电压对45钢凝固组织的影响 [J]. 铸造技术 , 2009 , 30 ( 9 ): 1 125 - 1 128 .
YANG S Y , ZHOU Q , HU Q Z . The influence of electric current pulses on the microstructure of magnesium alloy AZ91D [J]. Materials Science Forum , 2005 , 518 ( 488-489 ): 201 - 204 .
陈越 . 脉冲电流处理参数对304不锈钢微观组织的影响 [D]. 沈阳 : 东北大学 , 2019 .
刘建芳 , 张零兮 , 吴红爽 , 等 . 脉冲电场对6181铝合金凝固组织的影响 [J]. 轻合金加工技术 , 2020 , 48 ( 9 ): 18 - 21,37 .
GUO J J , WANG F , ZHANG S J , et al . Effect of high-frequency electric pulse on the solidification microstructure and properties of hypoeutectic Al-Si alloy [J]. Materials , 2024 , 17 ( 2 ): 468 .
庞松 . 砂型铸造Mg-Gd-Y合金凝固行为与晶粒细化机制研究 [D]. 上海 : 上海交通大学 , 2015 .
BARANK J P , SPRECHER A F , CONRAD H . Colony (grain) size reduction in eutectic Pb-Sn castings by electropulsing [J]. Scripta Metallurgica et Materialia , 1995 , 32 ( 6 ): 879 - 884 .
鄢红春 , 何冠虎 , 周本濂 , 等 . 脉冲电流对Sn-Pb合金凝固组织的影响 [J]. 金属学报 , 1997 ( 4 ): 352 - 358 .
秦荣山 , 周本濂 . 直接晶化法制备块状纳米材料的探索Ⅱ:脉冲电流作用下金属熔体结晶晶粒尺寸的理论估算 [J]. 材料研究学报 , 1997 ( 1 ): 69 - 72 .
ZHAI Q J , GONG Y Y , LI R X , et al . Solidification process and grain refinement technology [J]. Journal of Materials and Metallurgy , 2015 , 14 ( 2 ): 81 - 82 .
LIAO X L , ZHAI Q J , LUO J , et al . Refining mechanism of the electric current pulseon the solidification structure of purealuminum [J]. Acta Materialia , 2007 , 55 ( 9 ): 3 103 - 3 109 .
RABIGER D , ZHANG Y H , GALINDO V , et al . The relevance of melt convection to grain refinement in Al-Si alloys solidified under the impact of electric currents [J]. Acta Materialia , 2014 , 79 : 327 - 338 .
WANG P C , SHUAI S S , HUANG C L , et al . Revealing the influence of high magnetic field on the solute distribution during directional solidification of Al-Cu alloy [J]. Journal of Materials Science & Technology , 2021 , 88 : 226 - 232 .
DU D F , LU Z Y , GAGNOUD A , et al . Effect of a transverse magnetic field on solidification structure in directionally solidified Sn-Pb hypoeutectic alloys [J]. Journal of Crystal Growth , 2014 , 402 : 319 - 324 .
ZHU L , HAN C , HOU L , et al . Influence of a static magnetic field on the distribution of solute Cu and interdendritic constitutional undercooling in directionally solidified Al-4.5Cu alloy [J]. Mater. Lett. , 2019 , 248 : 73 - 77 .
LI X , FAUTRELLE Y , GAGNOUD A , et al . Effect of a weak transverse magnetic field on solidification structure during directional solidification [J]. Acta Materialia , 2014 , 64 : 367 - 381 .
贺晨 . 基于电磁铸轧亚快速凝固的AA 6022铝合金组织性能研究 [D]. 沈阳 : 东北大学 , 2020 .
ZHANG Y M , YUAN B Y , LI L , et al . Edge electrodeposition effect of cobalt under an external magnetic field [J]. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry , 2020 , 865 : 114 143 .
LI S J , JIANG T , LI Y , et al . Effects of different external fields on the microstructure and mechanical properties of novel AlCuLi alloy during twin-roll casting [J]. Materials Science and Engineering , 2019 , A757 : 14 - 22 .
班春燕 . 电磁场作用下铝合金凝固理论基础研究 [D]. 沈阳 : 东北大学 , 2002 .
牛海山 , 王春蓉 . 交流电磁场对AZ80 镁合金组织结构的影响 [J]. 热加工工艺 , 2010 , 39 ( 1 ): 61 - 63 .
赵锟 , 王立强 . 交流磁场下镁合金热处理实验研究 [J]. 热加工工艺 , 2009 , 38 ( 18 ): 135 - 137 .
班春燕 , 巴启先 , 朱丽颖 , 等 . 交流磁场下7075铝合金液相线和固相线温度变化 [J]. 东北大学学报 , 2003 ( 5 ): 482 - 484 .
于盛睿 , 曾义和 , 冯浩 , 等 . 交流电场作用下铝硅共晶合金凝固组织和力学性能的变化 [J]. 热加工工艺 , 2010 , 39 ( 9 ): 47 - 50 .
韩逸 , 班春燕 , 巴启先 , 等 . 交流磁场对Al-Fe合金凝固组织的影响 [J]. 东北大学学报 , 2006 ( 9 ): 991 - 994 .
陈红 , 孙昕 , 邢志辉 , 等 . 电脉冲频率对AZ80-4Sn镁合金显微组织及力学性能的影响 [J]. 特种铸造及有色合金 , 2019 , 39 ( 11 ): 1 169 - 1 172 .
JI H M , LUO T J , WANG C , et al . Direct chill casting of magnesium alloy under pulsed magnetic field [J]. Materials Science and Technology , 2017 , 33 ( 1 ): 33 - 39 .
梅国宏 , 朱立光 , 张庆军 , 等 . 脉冲磁场细晶化技术的研究现状 [J]. 铸造技术 , 2015 , 36 ( 2 ): 403 - 406 .
HU C J , YAN F , ZHU Z W , et al . Effects on microstructural refinement of mechanical properties in steel‑copper joints laser welded with alternating magnetic field augmentation [J]. Materials Characterization , 2021 , 175 : 111 059 .
CARMEN S , YVES D , YVES F , et al . Bridgman growth of concentrated GaInSb alloys with improved compositional uniformity under alternating magnetic fields [J]. Journal of Crystal Growth , 2005 , 275 ( 1-2 ): 1 571 - 1 578 .
李宁 , 张利民 , 邢辉 , 等 . 交流电脉冲调控 Al-7Si合金中 α -Al相形态演化机制 [J]. 材料导报 , 2018 , 32 ( 22 ): 3 919 - 3 924 .
肖蕴华 , 高明 , 杨菲 , 等 . 电脉冲时间对铸造ZA12合金凝固组织和性能的影响 [J]. 热加工工艺 , 2004 ( 1 ): 38 - 40 .
康凯娇 . 电脉冲及旋转磁场处理对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金组织和性能的影响及作用机理 [D]. 哈尔滨 : 哈尔滨理工大学 , 2021 .
余挺 , 耿桂宏 , 郝维新 , 等 . 电磁复合场对Cu-Pb偏晶合金组织和性能的影响 [J]. 特种铸造及有色合金 , 2018 , 38 ( 5 ): 575 - 578 .
刘稳 . 电磁组合场下5052铝合金铸轧坯组织及板材性能研究 [D]. 沈阳 : 东北大学 , 2012 .
GUO S J , CUI J Z , LE Q C , et al . The effect of alternating magnetic field on the process of semi-continuous casting for AZ91 billets [J]. Mater. Lett. , 2005 , 59 ( 14 ): 1 841 - 1 844 .
JIA Y H , WANG H , LE Q C , et al . Transient coupling simulation of electromagnetic field multi-physics during pulse direct-chill casting of AZ80 magnesium alloy [J]. Int. J. Heat Mass. Tran. , 2019 , 143 : 118 524 .
赵冠中 . 电磁场对AZ31B镁合金铸轧影响的研究 [D]. 长沙 : 中南大学 , 2011 .
李文琪 . 电磁/超声复合能场铸轧铅合金组织演变模拟及实验研究 [D]. 长沙 : 中南大学 , 2012 .
管付如 . 1235工业纯铝超声电磁连续铸轧机理分析与工业实验 [D]. 长沙 : 中南大学 , 2011 .
0
Views
13
下载量
0
CSCD
Publicity Resources
Related Articles
Related Author
Related Institution
京公网安备11010802024621