JU Hong,CHEN Yunling,HUANG Yuling,et al.Spatiotemporal Patterns of PM2.5 Concentration-Population Exposure Deviation Driven by Multi-source Sensing Data: A Case Study in Guangzhou[J].Journal of Geomatics,2026,51(5):160-168 DOI: 10.14188/j.2095-6045.20260414.
JU Hong,CHEN Yunling,HUANG Yuling,et al.Spatiotemporal Patterns of PM2.5 Concentration-Population Exposure Deviation Driven by Multi-source Sensing Data: A Case Study in Guangzhou[J].Journal of Geomatics,2026,51(5):160-168 DOI: 10.14188/j.2095-6045.20260414.DOI:
Spatiotemporal Patterns of PM2.5 Concentration-Population Exposure Deviation Driven by Multi-source Sensing Data: A Case Study in Guangzhou
As air pollution prevention and control enters a more refined management stage, environmental monitoring is transitioning from environmental quality assessment toward environmental health risk alerts. Whether limited fixed monitoring stations can adequately capture regional pollution and population exposure at fine resolution has emerged as a critical issue in environmental health management. Taking Guangzhou as the study area, this paper constructs a Bay
esian hierarchical model based on the integrated nested Laplace approximation and stochastic partial differential equations (INLA-SPDE), which reconstructs hourly concentration fields on a 250-m grid by integrating hourly PM
2.5
concentration data from 55 monitoring stations with dynamic population data from China Unicom mobile signaling. Population exposure is then calculated by coupling the reconstructed concentration fields with dynamic population data, and the standardized deviation index is employed to characterize the spatiotemporal patterns of concentration–exposure deviations. The results show that while the spatial distribution of PM
2.5
concentrations is relatively uniform, population exposure is highly concentrated in the central urban area. The degree of exposure inequality significantly exceeds that of concentration inequality, and this disparity persists across all time periods. Exposure deviations exhibit a clear diurnal pattern, with lower values during daytime and higher values at nighttime. Weekday peaks occur during morning and evening commutes as well as at night, whereas weekend and holiday peaks shift to earlier evening hours. During the National Day holiday (October 1-7), population outflow results in substantial reductions (29%~41%) in exposure levels across all time periods. Spatially, the deviation pattern is closely tied to the center-periphery population gradient: concentration-based assessment underestimates exposure in the central urban area while overestimating it in peripheral areas, with deviation intensity varying dynamically with the diurnal rhythm of population activities. These findings inform the development of refined, population-centered environmental health early-warning strategies in urban settings.
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