Correlation analysis of serum HE4, β2‑MG， and sICAM‑1 levels with the severity and prognosis of elderly patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia

NING Jianfeng; WANG Wenqiang; QIE Guohua; FENG Yanxia; ZHANG Hongyan

doi:10.14188/j.1671-8852.2024.0414

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Correlation analysis of serum HE4, β2‑MG， and sICAM‑1 levels with the severity and prognosis of elderly patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia

更新时间：2026-11-05

- Correlation analysis of serum HE4, β2‑MG， and sICAM‑1 levels with the severity and prognosis of elderly patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia
- Medical Journal of Wuhan University Vol. 46, Issue 11, Pages: 1469-1474(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  张家口市第一医院检验医学科河北张家口 075000
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.14188/j.1671-8852.2024.0414
  CLC： R697⁺.3
- Received：29 May 2024，
  
  Published：25 November 2025
- 稿件说明：
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宁建峰,王文强,郄国花等.血清HE4、β2‑MG、sICAM‑1水平与老年良性前列腺增生患者病情程度及预后的相关性[J].武汉大学学报（医学版）,2025,46(11):1469-1474.

NING Jianfeng,WANG Wenqiang,QIE Guohua,et al.Correlation analysis of serum HE4, β2‑MG， and sICAM‑1 levels with the severity and prognosis of elderly patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia[J].Medical Journal of Wuhan University,2025,46(11):1469-1474.
宁建峰,王文强,郄国花等.血清HE4、β2‑MG、sICAM‑1水平与老年良性前列腺增生患者病情程度及预后的相关性[J].武汉大学学报（医学版）,2025,46(11):1469-1474. DOI： 10.14188/j.1671-8852.2024.0414.

NING Jianfeng,WANG Wenqiang,QIE Guohua,et al.Correlation analysis of serum HE4, β2‑MG， and sICAM‑1 levels with the severity and prognosis of elderly patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia[J].Medical Journal of Wuhan University,2025,46(11):1469-1474. DOI： 10.14188/j.1671-8852.2024.0414.

摘要

目的

探讨血清人附睾蛋白4（HE4）、β2微球蛋白（β2‑MG）、可溶性细胞间黏附分子‑1（sICAM‑1）与老年良性前列腺增生（BPH）患者病情程度及预后的相关性。

方法

98例研究对象（BPH组）来自张家口市第一医院2022年1月—2023年10月行手术治疗的BPH患者，选择同期106例男性体检健康受试者作为对照组，全自动免疫化学发光仪检测血清HE4水平、ELISA检测sICAM‑1水平，全自动生化分析仪检测血清β2‑MG水平；评估患者病情程度并分为轻度组（

=7）、中度组（

=51）、重度组（

=40）；根据预后情况将患者分为预后良好组（

=68）和预后不良组（

=30）；Pearson法分析血清HE4、β2‑MG、sICAM‑1表达水平与老年BPH患者病情程度的相关性；ROC曲线分析血清HE4、β2‑MG、sICAM‑1预测老年BPH患者发生预后不良的价值；多因素Logistic回归分析探讨影响老年BPH患者发生预后不良的因素。

结果

BPH组较对照组血清HE4、β2‑MG、sICAM‑1水平均升高（

0.05）；与轻度组比较，中度组、重度组血清HE4、β2‑MG、sICAM‑1表达水平均升高（

0.05）；与中度组比较，重度组血清HE4、β2‑MG、sICAM‑1表达水平升高（

0.05）；血清HE4、β2‑MG、sICAM‑1表达水平与患者病情程度均呈正相关（

0.05）；预后不良组与预后良好组手术时间、术前导管、术后导尿管滞留时间、吸烟史、年龄、术后6月IPSS评分、BMI、饮酒史以及前列腺体积比较，差异无统计学意义（

0.05）；预后不良组较预后良好组血清HE4、β2‑MG、sICAM‑1表达水平均升高（

0.05）；HE4、β2‑MG、sICAM‑1是老年BPH患者发生预后不良的危险因素（

0.05）；血清HE4、β2‑MG、sICAM‑1及联合预测患者发生预后不良的

AUC

分别为0.832、0.869、0.820、0.939，三者联合预测的

AUC

优于各自单独预测的

AUC

（

=2.919、2.922、2.575，

=0.004、0.003、0.010）。

结论

老年BPH患者血清HE4、β2‑MG、sICAM‑1水平均升高，三者与病情程度呈正相关，对预后有一定的预测价值。

Abstract

Objective

To investigate the correlation between serum human epididymal protein 4 (HE4)

β2‑microglobulin (β2‑MG)

and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule‑1 (sICAM‑1) and the severity and prognosis of elderly patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Methods

A total of 98 elderly BPH patients who underwent surgery at Zhangjiakou First Hospital from January 2022 to October 2023 were enrolled

along with 106 age⁃matched healthy male controls. Serum HE4 and sICAM‑1 levels were measured by ELISA

and β2⁃MG levels were determined using an automatic biochemical analyzer. Disease severity was classified as mild (

=7)

moderate (

=51)

or severe (

=40). Based on prognosis

patients were grouped into good (

=68) and poor (

=30) prognosis groups. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between serum HE4

β2⁃MG

and sICAM⁃1 levels and BPH severity. ROC curves were constructed to evaluate the predictive value of these biomarkers for poor prognosis. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify independent risk factors for poor prognosis in elderly BPH patients.

Results

Compared with those in the control group

the serum levels of HE4

β2‑MG

and sICAM‑1 in the BPH group were higher (

0.05). Compared with those in the mild group

the serum expressions of HE4

β2‑MG

and sICAM‑1 in the moderate and severe groups were higher (

0.05). Compared with those in the moderate group

the serum expressions of HE4

β2‑MG

and sICAM‑1 in the

severe group were higher (

0.05). The serum levels of HE4

β2‑MG and sICAM‑1 were positively correlated with the severity of the disease (

0.05). There were no great differences in operation time

preoperative catheter and postoperative catheter retention time

smoking history

age

6‑month postoperative IPSS score

BMI

drinking history

and prostate volume between the poor prognosis group and the good prognosis group (

0.05). Compared with those in the good prognosis group

the serum expressions of HE4

β2‑MG

and sICAM‑1 in the poor prognosis group were higher (

0.05). HE4

β2‑MG

and sICAM‑1 were risk factors for poor prognosis in elderly patients with BPH (

0.05). The

AUC

of serum HE4

β2‑MG

sICAM‑1

and their combination in predicting poor prognosis was 0.832

0.869

0.820

and 0.939

respectively

and the

AUC

of the three indices combined was better than the

AUC

predicted separately (

=2.919

2.922

and 2.575;

=0.004

0.003

and 0.010).

Conclusion

Serum levels of HE4

β2‑MG and sICAM‑1 are elevated in elderly patients with BPH. The three indices are positively correlated with the severity of the disease and have certain predictive value for prognosis.

关键词

Keywords

references

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