Infectious diseases pose a severe threat to life and health

presenting ongoing challenges to social stability and economic development worldwide. Current methods for preventing and treating infectious diseases exhibit certain limitations in terms of efficacy

broad-spectrum applicability

or safety

driving persistent efforts toward novel approaches. Plasma technology

which generates a diverse range of reactive species via high-voltage discharge

can effectively and broadly inactivate pathogenic microorganisms while remaining safe for humans under appropriate operational parameters

demonstrating unique advantages in infectious disease control. From the application perspective of high-voltage engineering

we systematically elucidate the research progress of plasma technology in the inactivation of environmental pathogenic microorganisms and the treatment of infectious diseases. Moreover

we explore the future development directions of the technology from following three aspects: mechanistic analysis

efficacy enhancement

and clinical applications

aiming to provide insights for further research and practical application of plasma technology in infectious disease prevention and treatment.