The flying motion behavior of linear metallic particles is a key factor contributing to insulation failure in direct current (DC) gas insulated switchgear (GIS). To investigate how the movement of these linear metallic particles in DC-GIS affects their trajectory distribution and adsorption characteristics

a transparent experimental cavity containing insulators is constructed. A YOLO target detection model is then used to study the entire process

from the lifting to the adsorption

of these linear metallic particles under DC voltage. The results show that

under a positive voltage

the metallic particles primarily exhibit reciprocating motion between the electrodes

accompanied by a ‘jumping firefly’ phenomenon. Increasing the voltage amplitude increases the number of firefly movements. Conversely

under a negative voltage or with an increase in the metallic particles’ length

the number of swing firefly movements of metallic particles increases

which reduces the time ratio of metallic particles’ movements in the upper part of the cavity. Adsorption of the metallic particles typically occurs during their flight. Specifically

the insulator’s convex surface is more prone to adsorption when the particles are in a jumping firefly state

and they may roll along the insulator surface during this process. In contrast

the insulator’s concave surface is more readily adsorbed when the particles are in a swing firefly state. The findings of this research can provide reference for the protection and treatment of metallic particles in DC-GIS.