Design and experiment of an adaptive adjustment system of header height for a ratooning rice combine harvester

HE Lihong; YANG Hao; ZHENG Rui; LONG Yu; XU Hongmei

doi:10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.03.029

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Design and experiment of an adaptive adjustment system of header height for a ratooning rice combine harvester

Food science and agricultural engineering | 更新时间：2026-11-05

- Design and experiment of an adaptive adjustment system of header height for a ratooning rice combine harvester
- Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University Vol. 45, Issue 3, Pages: 314-326(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.湖南工程学院机械工程学院，湘潭 411104
  2.华中农业大学工学院，武汉 430070
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.03.029
  CLC： S225
- Received：26 November 2025，
  
  Published：25 May 2026
- 稿件说明：
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何丽红，杨浩，郑锐，等.再生稻收割机割台高度自适应调控系统的设计与试验［J］.华中农业大学学报，2026，45（3）：314‐326.

HE Lihong,YANG Hao,ZHENG Rui,et al.Design and experiment of an adaptive adjustment system of header height for a ratooning rice combine harvester[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2026,45(03):314-326.
何丽红，杨浩，郑锐，等.再生稻收割机割台高度自适应调控系统的设计与试验［J］.华中农业大学学报，2026，45（3）：314‐326. DOI： 10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.03.029.

HE Lihong,YANG Hao,ZHENG Rui,et al.Design and experiment of an adaptive adjustment system of header height for a ratooning rice combine harvester[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2026,45(03):314-326. DOI： 10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.03.029.

摘要

为提升再生稻收获质量与作业效率，设计一种再生稻收割机割台高度自适应调控系统。建立割台高度控制系统的仿形轮结构模型，对4LZ-1.6Z型谷物联合收割机的液压系统进行改装优化，并基于Simulink搭建控制系统仿真模型，对比分析经典PID与模糊PID 2种控制策略的系统性能；以响应精度和响应速度为试验指标开展性能验证。结果显示，经典PID控制和模糊PID控制的平均绝对误差分别为17.3、10.5 mm；在响应速度方面，经典PID控制在割台上升和下降阶段的平均值分别为0.185和0.213 m/s，而模糊PID控制相应平均值分别为0.202和0.219 m/s；基于模糊PID控制算法的路面起伏行走试验结果显示，割台距地高度稳定在500 mm左右，平均偏差为6.81 mm，稳定性变异系数为1.62%。研究表明，所提控制策略具有良好的稳定性和跟踪性能。

Abstract

It was necessary to maintain appropriate height of stubble according to the characteristics of variety in the first season of harvesting ratoon rice to ensure successful regeneration in the second season. Frequent adjustment of the header height was often required due to the uneven field terrain when harvesting ratoon rice with grain combine harvesters existed in China. The operation of harvesting is manually performed by the operator， both increasing the intensity of labor and constraining the efficiency of harvesting. An adaptive adjustment system of header height for a ratooning rice combine harvester was designed to improve the quality and operational efficiency of harvesting ratoon rice. First， a structural model of the header copying wheel for adjusting height was established. Second， the hydraulic system of a 4LZ-1.6Z grain combine harvester was modified and optimized， and a simulation model of adjustment system was developed using Simulink to compare and analyze the performance of classical PID and fuzzy PID control strategies. Then， performance was verified using response accuracy and response speed as indexes of experiment. The results showed that the mean absolute error for classical PID control and fuzzy PID control was 17.3 mm and 10.5 mm， respectively. The average value of response speed for classical PID control during the lifting and lowering the height of header was 0.185 m/s and 0.213 m/s， respectively， whereas that for fuzzy PID control was 0.202 m/s and 0.219 m/s. Finally， the results of conducting a field experiment on uneven terrain based on the fuzzy PID control showed that the header height remained stable at approximately 500 mm， with a mean deviation of 6.81 mm and a stability coefficient of variation of 1.62%， indicating that the proposed control strategy had good stability and performance of tracking. It will provide an effective technical solution for adjusting header height in the mechanical harvesting of ratoon rice and a practical value for improving the quality and operation efficiency of harvesting.

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references

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