Design and experiment of a dual-layer oscillating medicinal-soil separation device for fritillary bulbs

DONG Runing; Duan Hongbing; HAN Mingxing; ZHANG Fen; LI Yanlong

doi:10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.01.029

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Design and experiment of a dual-layer oscillating medicinal-soil separation device for fritillary bulbs

Food science and agricultural engineering | 更新时间：2026-11-05

- Design and experiment of a dual-layer oscillating medicinal-soil separation device for fritillary bulbs
- Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University Vol. 45, Issue 1, Pages: 319-330(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.华中农业大学工学院，武汉 430070
  2.农业农村部马铃薯生物学与生物技术重点实验室，武汉 430070
  3.农业农村部长江中下游农业装备重点实验室，武汉 430070
  4.定西市三牛农机制造有限公司，定西 743022
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.01.029
  CLC： S225.7
- Received：17 March 2025，
  
  Published：15 January 2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
董汝宁，段宏兵，韩明兴，等.双层摆动式贝母药土分离装置设计与试验［J］.华中农业大学学报，2026，45（1）：319‐330.

DONG Runing,DUAN Hongbing,HAN Mingxing,et al.Design and experiment of a dual-layer oscillating medicinal-soil separation device for fritillary bulbs[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2026,45(01):319-330.
董汝宁，段宏兵，韩明兴，等.双层摆动式贝母药土分离装置设计与试验［J］.华中农业大学学报，2026，45（1）：319‐330. DOI： 10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.01.029.

DONG Runing,DUAN Hongbing,HAN Mingxing,et al.Design and experiment of a dual-layer oscillating medicinal-soil separation device for fritillary bulbs[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2026,45(01):319-330. DOI： 10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.01.029.

摘要

针对贝母收获机在药土分离方面存在相近粒径药土分离困难、收净率较低的问题，设计一种高效碎土的贝母药土分离装置。基于运动学和动力学分析，确定影响工作性能的关键参数和取值范围，构建DEM-MBD耦合仿真模型，以筛面倾角、曲柄半径、曲柄转速和碎土辊转速为试验因素，以收净率和分离效率为试验指标，开展中心复合设计试验，建立收净率和分离效率与各显著因素之间的回归模型。结果显示：曲柄半径和曲柄转速的增大均使收净率和分离效率增大；筛面倾角的增大则使二者呈现相反的趋势，过大的倾角导致物料堵塞在前端，无法向后运动，但随着摆动筛的运行，土壤不断向下筛分。基于多目标灰狼优化算法（multi-objective grey wolf optimizer，MOGWO），对模型进行求解，获得最优解组合：筛面倾角为1.6°、曲柄半径为39.7 mm、曲柄转速为332 r/min、碎土辊转速为284 r/min，此时收净率达到93.72%，分离效率达到92.09%。在相同条件下的台架验证试验结果显示，收净率为91.05%，分离效率为90.17%；台架试验结果与仿真优化后的结果基本保持一致，相对误差小于3%，满足贝母药土分离要求。

Abstract

A high-efficiency medicinal-soil separation device was designed to address the challenges of separating fritillary bulbs from soil particles with similar sizes and the low recovery rate in existing fritillary bulb harvesters. Key parameters affecting performance and their value ranges were determined based on kinematic and dynamic analyses. A discrete element method and multi-body dynamics（DEM-MBD） coupling-simulation model was constructed. Central composite design（CCD） experiments were conducted with sieve inclination angle， crank radius， crank speed， and medicinal-soil roller speed as experimental factors， and recovery rate and separation efficiency as evaluation indexes. Analysis of variance（ANOVA） was performed on the results of CCD experiments to establish regression models between recovery rate/separation efficiency and significant factors. The model was solved with the multi-objective grey wolf optimization （MOGWO） algorithm to obtain the optimal combination. Results showed that increasing crank radius and crank speed improved both recovery rate and separation efficiency， while increasing sieve inclination angle had opposite effects. Excessive inclination caused material blockage at the front end， hindering rearward movement， though soil continuously sifted downward during operation. The optimal combination of parameters was the sieve inclination angle of 1.6°， crank radius of 39.7 mm， crank speed of 332 r/min， and soil-crushing roller speed of 284 r/min， achieving a recovery rate of 93.72% and separation efficiency of 92.09%. The results of bench verification under identical conditions showed that the recovery rate and separation efficiency was 91.05% and 90.17%， closely align with the simulation-optimized outcomes with a relative error of less than 3%， meeting the requirements for fritillary bulb-soil separation and fully validating the practicality of the dual-layer vibrating separation device designed.

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references

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