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1.铀资源探采与核遥感全国重点实验室,江西 南昌,330013
2.东华理工大学测绘与空间信息工程学院,江西 南昌,330013
3.东华理工大学自然资源部环鄱阳湖区域矿山环境监测与治理重点实验室,江西 南昌,330013
4.东华理工大学江西省流域生态过程与信息重点实验室,江西 南昌,330013
Received:14 May 2025,
Published:05 July 2026
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鲁铁定,杨厚明,章园,等.利用GNSS数据反演云南区域陆地水储量变化的时空分布特征[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2026,51(7):1285-1298.
LU Tieding,YANG Houming,ZHANG Yuan,et al.Spatiotemporal Distribution Characteristics of Terrestrial Water Storage Changes in Yunnan Region Using GNSS Data[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(7):1285-1298.
鲁铁定,杨厚明,章园,等.利用GNSS数据反演云南区域陆地水储量变化的时空分布特征[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2026,51(7):1285-1298. DOI:10.13203/j.whugis20250142
LU Tieding,YANG Houming,ZHANG Yuan,et al.Spatiotemporal Distribution Characteristics of Terrestrial Water Storage Changes in Yunnan Region Using GNSS Data[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(7):1285-1298. DOI:10.13203/j.whugis20250142
针对传统水文模型难以准确模拟水文过程以及时变重力场卫星数据时空间分辨率低导致无法准确估算区域陆地水储量(terrestrial water storage,TWS)变化的问题,利用高精度、高时空分辨率的全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system,GNSS)陆态网基准站垂直位移时间序列,结合麻雀搜索算法优化的变分模态分解非线性信号提取算法估算了中国云南区域2011—2020年TWS时空分布特征。研究发现,所有测站经该方法减弱高频噪声影响后的时间序列与原始时间序列的相关性均在0.9以上。经GNSS反演得到的TWS时空分布与重力恢复与气候实验(gravity recovery and climate experiment,GRACE)卫星/GRACE Follow-On(GRACE-FO)、全球陆地数据同化系统(global land data assimilation system,GLDAS)数据大体上是一致的,区域整体上呈现西南向东北逐渐减少的特征,但GNSS反演的TWS变化周年振幅大于其余两种,主要是GNSS观测手段对局部区域TWS变化更敏感。GNSS-等效水高(equivalent water height,EWH)、GRACE-EWH、GLDAS-EWH时间序列季节性变化显著,结合降水数据进行分析发现其与降水数据存在一定的滞后性;同时GNSS-EWH时间变化显示,云南区域在2019—2020年呈显著下降趋势,表明TWS持续减少,发生了严重的干旱。
Objectives
2
Traditional hydrological models are difficult to accurately simulate hydrological processes
and the low spatial resolution of time-varying gravity field satellite data makes it difficult to accurately estimate changes in regional terrestrial water storage (TWS),a continuously operating global navigation satellite system (GNSS) reference station network can monitor in real-time the vertical deformation of the elastic crust caused by changes in surface hydrological loads.
Methods
2
This method combines the vertical displacement time series of GNSS reference stations with the sparrow search algorithm-variational mode decomposition (SSA-VMD) nonlinear signal extraction algorithm
which has high precision and spatiotemporal resolution
to estimate the spatiotemporal distribution of TWS in Yunnan region from 2011 to 2020. The estimated results are then compared and analyzed with time-varying gravity field data
global land data assimilation system (GLDAS) data
and precipitation data.
Results
2
(1) Hydrological load is the primary factor causing seasonal variations in the GNSS vertical displacement time series
with a correlation coefficient above 0.5. The second factor is non-tidal atmospheric load
and the least influential is non-tidal oceanic load. In response to the complex noise present in the GNSS time series
the SSA-VMD method is employed to mitigate high-frequency noise
resulting in a cleaner processed series. (2) The TWS variation in Yunnan region
exhibits a gradual increase from northeast to southwest. In a very small number of areas
due to other factors (e.g.
evapotranspiration and runoff)
discrepancies with precipitation data may occur. From the inversion results
the annual amplitude of TWS obtained from GNSS is the largest
followed by gravity recovery and climate experiment (GRACE) / GRACE Follow-On (GRACE-FO)
while that from GLDAS is the smallest. (3) Compared with precipitation data
the TWS variations retrieved from GNSS
GRACE/GRACE-FO
and GLDAS show a certain temporal lag. From 2011 to 2018
the TWS variations were relatively stable with an overall increasing trend. However
from 2019 to 2020
the equivalent water height (EWH) time series exhibited a significant downward trend
and the continuous decrease in water reserves led to a prolonged severe drought. By August 2020
water reserves had basically returned to normal.
Conclusions
2
The spatial and temporal distribution of TWS obtained from GNSS inversion is generally consistent with GRACE/GRACE-FO and GLDAS data
showing a gradual decrease from southwest to northeast overall. However
the annual amplitude of TWS changes from GNSS is larger than that from the other two
mainly because GNSS is more sensitive to local TWS changes. The seasonal variations in GNSS-EWH
GRACE-EWH
and GLDAS-EWH are significant
and when analyzed with precipitation data
a certain lag is observed.
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