Disaster Information Perception and Communication Technology and Equipment for Emergency Rescue in Urban Underground Space

WANG Yingjian; HU Yanzhu; ZHANG Mingzuo; LIU Kunhui; ZHAO Xinghao; LIANG Zihan

doi:10.13203/j.whugis20240489

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Disaster Information Perception and Communication Technology and Equipment for Emergency Rescue in Urban Underground Space

更新时间：2026-11-05

- Disaster Information Perception and Communication Technology and Equipment for Emergency Rescue in Urban Underground Space
- Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University Vol. 50, Issue 6, Pages: 1150-1158(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.北京邮电大学智能工程与自动化学院，北京，100876
  2.北京市燃气集团有限责任公司，北京，100032
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13203/j.whugis20240489
  CLC： P237
- Received：25 December 2024，
  
  Published：05 June 2025
- 稿件说明：
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王英剑,胡燕祝,张明作，等.面向城市地下空间应急救援的灾情信息感知与通信技术及装备[J].武汉大学学报（信息科学版）,2025,50(6):1150-1158.

WANG Yingjian,HU Yanzhu,ZHANG Mingzuo,et al.Disaster Information Perception and Communication Technology and Equipment for Emergency Rescue in Urban Underground Space[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2025,50(6):1150-1158.
王英剑,胡燕祝,张明作，等.面向城市地下空间应急救援的灾情信息感知与通信技术及装备[J].武汉大学学报（信息科学版）,2025,50(6):1150-1158. DOI：10.13203/j.whugis20240489

WANG Yingjian,HU Yanzhu,ZHANG Mingzuo,et al.Disaster Information Perception and Communication Technology and Equipment for Emergency Rescue in Urban Underground Space[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2025,50(6):1150-1158. DOI：10.13203/j.whugis20240489

摘要

地震等自然灾害下的城市地下空间应急现场面临“盲、狭、乱、危”，现场灾情信息获取困难和应急通信受阻，严重影响救援效率。为解决这一难题，提出了面向城市地下空间应急救援现场的灾情信息感知与通信技术及装备，主要包含3个方面：一是多态灾情信息感知与无人自主作业技术与装备，实现对灾害现场温湿度、毒害气体、三维地物环境及人员位姿的精准感知；二是多网协同应急通信网络系统与装备，保障复杂环境下多源灾情信息的高速传输；三是智能服务平台系统，提供灾害现场的智能化理解与辅助决策支持。通过地铁隧道、地下停车场、地下商场等多场景的实战化验证，为城市地下空间应急救援提供了有效支撑，具有重要意义。

Abstract

Objectives

Urban underground spaces are critical components of modern urban infrastructure but they are highly vulnerable during natural disasters due to the blind

narrow

chaotic

and dangerous conditions. These characteristics cause significant challenges to emergency rescue operations

including difficulties in acquiring accurate disaster information and maintaining reliable communication. This study aims to develop an integrated framework for disaster information perception and communication technology and equipment

specifically tailored for emergency rescue in urban underground spaces

to enhance rescue efficiency and effectiveness.

Methods

The proposed framework is guided by the principles of intelligent

lightweight

standardized

and systematic and comprises three core components. The first component is multi-state disaster information perception and autonomous operation technology. It includes 3D terrain mapping based on simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) to reconstruct disaster scenes

micro-assembled sensors for detecting temperature

humidity

and toxic gases

and social information fusion to provide a comprehensive understanding of the disaster situation. The second one is multi-network collaborative emergency communication network technology. It involves point-to-point communication using adaptive frequency variation and beamforming algorithms to enhance signal transmission

combined with a dynamic network switching strategy to ensure reliable communication in challenging underground environments. The third one is intelligent service platform system. This system integrates real-time data fusion and visualization from multiple sources and provides decision support through algorithms for path planning

resource allocation

and risk assessment.

Results

The proposed framework is validated in various underground scenarios

showing significant improvements in disaster information perception and communication capabilities. The first component is disaster information perception. The SLAM-based system achieved high-resolution reconstruction of underground environments and identified key features such as stairs and slopes. Micro-assembled sensors provided accurate environmental data

and the social information fusion component enhanced situational awareness through multi-source data integration. The second one is autonomous operation. The unmanned vehicle was characterized by wheel-track-leg and demonstrated adaptability to complex terrains with vertical obstacle crossing capability up to 25 cm and a climbing ability of 35°. The carbon fiber cage-protected drone provided stable aerial surveillance in confined spaces. The third one is communication network. It ensured reliable communication over 1.2 km distances

dynamically adapting to environmental changes. Point-to-point communication showed robust performance with high data rate and low latency. The last one is intelligent service platform system. It provided real-time data integration and visualization

supporting decision-making through actionable insights based on real-time analysis.

Conclusions

The proposed framework addresses the unique challenges faced by urban underground space emergency rescue through systematic and intelligent design

enhancing the efficiency and safety of rescue operations. Future work can focus on optimizing the system to adapt to more complex and diverse environments

thereby further improving its capabilities.

关键词

Keywords

references

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