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1.东华理工大学测绘与空间信息工程学院,江西 南昌,330013
2.资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室,北京,100101
3.自然资源部环鄱阳湖区域矿山环境监测与治理重点实验室,江西 南昌,330013
Received:14 November 2024,
Published:05 May 2025
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段新桥.地形曲面上测地距离的插值研究[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2025,50(5):1006-1016.
DUAN Xinqiao.Topographic Surface Interpolation with Geodesic Distance[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2025,50(5):1006-1016.
段新桥.地形曲面上测地距离的插值研究[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2025,50(5):1006-1016. DOI:10.13203/j.whugis20240319
DUAN Xinqiao.Topographic Surface Interpolation with Geodesic Distance[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2025,50(5):1006-1016. DOI:10.13203/j.whugis20240319
地球表面是个地形起伏的非欧氏空间,地图投影将大尺度的地球椭球面转换为容易分析计算的欧氏平面,但没有处理地形的不规则起伏。由于基本的表面距离不能量算,地形曲面上的空间分析广泛依靠近似计算,损害了地形模型的利用精度。在起伏明显的中小尺度地形上引入精确的测地距离,对密切依赖于空间距离的表面插值模型的度量改正方法及精度变化进行了研究。首先针对非欧氏度量引起的自相关矩阵非正定,提出测地距离限制的降维投影的解决办法,并以此改写主要插值算法;然后在一个10 m级水平分辨率地形格网上,选择较少受环境干扰的高程插值建立基准实验,再以优选模型分别对0.3 m级地形点云和0.25°级欧洲中长期预报再分析数据地表气温进行插值检验,探讨测地距离的适用尺度。结果发现,测地距离下反距离权重与自然邻近插值精度较欧氏距离都有明显提升;径向基函数与普通克里金插值精度在欧氏距离下普遍较简单插值要好,在降维投影的测地距离上,其均方误差又分别较自身再下降约25%。这表明在起伏明显的中小尺度下,测地距离通常可以更好地利用地形模型的精度信息。相关方法可用于提升高程插值的精度,也可为地表建模提供参考。
Objectives
2
The Earth's surface is a non-Euclidean curved space with topographic relief. Due to the difficulty to measure surface distances, analysis and calculations on topographic surfaces offten rely on approximate solutions, which can impede the precise application of topography models. This paper introduces the concept of exact geodesic distance mapping on undulating medium and small-scale terrain, and investigates the metric correction and accuracy evaluation of surface interpolation models.
Methods
2
In view of the non-positive definite autocorrelation matrices caused by non-Euclidean metric, we propose a recalculation solution following topographic projection through dimension reduction constrained by geodesic distance, The primary interpolation algorithm is subsequently revised. On a relatively regular terrain grid with a 10-meter horizontal resolution, elevation variables minimally affected by environmental interference are selected to establish an interpolation benchmark test. The optimized model is then employed to conduct interpolation tests on 0.3-meter topographic point clouds and 0.25° ECMWF reanalysis surface air temperature, respectively, to explore the applicable scale of geodesic distance.
Results
2
The findings indicate that simple inverse distance weighting and natural neighbor interpolation using geodesic distance exhibit a clear improvement in accuracy compared to those using Euclidean distance. The accuracy of radial basis function and ordinary Kriging interpolation is generally superior to simple interpolation under Euclidean distance. In terms of projection geodesic distance, their root mean square error is further reduced by approximately 25% compared to themselves.
Conclusions
2
This suggests that at small and medium scales with significant relief, geodesic distance can often better leverage the accuracy information of terrain models. The related methods can be utilized to enhance the accuracy of elevation interpolation and provide a reference for surface modeling.
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