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1.中国测绘科学研究院,北京,100830
2.辽宁工程技术大学测绘与地理科学学院,辽宁 阜新,123000
3.武汉大学资源与环境科学学院,湖北 武汉,430079
4.西南交通大学地球科学与工程学院,四川 成都,611756
Received:15 October 2024,
Published:05 June 2025
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刘纪平,王琢璐,徐胜华,等.人工智能时代下的应急测绘[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2025,50(6):1029-1041.
LIU Jiping,WANG Zhuolu,XU Shenghua,et al.Emergency Surveying and Mapping in the Era of Artificial Intelligence[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2025,50(6):1029-1041.
刘纪平,王琢璐,徐胜华,等.人工智能时代下的应急测绘[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2025,50(6):1029-1041. DOI:10.13203/j.whugis20240300
LIU Jiping,WANG Zhuolu,XU Shenghua,et al.Emergency Surveying and Mapping in the Era of Artificial Intelligence[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2025,50(6):1029-1041. DOI:10.13203/j.whugis20240300
应急测绘是通过高效、准确和快速获取的灾区地理空间数据提供综合防灾减灾救灾服务,人工智能是新一轮科技革命与产业变革的核心驱动力,应用人工智能的应急测绘可提升突发事件应急管理的科学性和系统性。从人工智能视角对应急测绘技术和方法进行了深入分析和总结,阐述了智能应急测绘的概念与内涵,提出了应急测绘关键技术框架,回顾了应急测绘技术的研究进展,包括应急通信与高精度定位、多源灾情数据获取与融合、典型灾害模型与时空分析、应急救援指挥与保障服务等;以全息实景信息底座、典型灾害态势推演系统、天空地一体化指挥平台为例,介绍了应急测绘服务系统应用情况;围绕智能应急测绘理论体系、应急数据治理、应急大模型、智能应急测绘主动服务等方向对智能应急测绘技术进行了展望。
Objectives
2
Emergency surveying and mapping is an important method for disaster management and rescue operations. It can acquire and analyze geographic data quickly and accurately
which is essential for post-disaster rescue and reconstruction. Advanced technologies in the era of artificial intelligence (AI) have promoted emergency surveying and mapping into a new development stage
effectively improving work efficiency and data accuracy. It not only provides powerful support for emergency response
but also offers precise guidance and basis of decision-making for rescue operations
thus significantly enhancing the overall response capacity of national disaster management.
Methods
2
Emergency surveying and mapping technology in the era of AI has brought new solutions to emergency management and emergency response in emergencies. Through the integration of communication and positioning technology
the response speed and positioning accuracy of rescue are significantly improved. The fusion of multi-source disaster data increases the comprehensiveness and real-time nature of information
providing strong support for disaster assessment. The construction of disaster models provides a new perspective for predicting the development of disasters and enhances the scientific nature of decision-making. The intelligent rescue command and service guarantee system significantly enhances the efficiency and safety of rescue operations. This paper provides an empirical basis for the application of AI in the field of intelligent emergency surveying and mapping
demonstrating its potential to improve disaster response capabilities.
Results
2
We conducted an in-depth analysis and summary of the technologies and methods for emergency surveying and mapping in the perspective of AI
elaborating on its characteristics such as space-air-ground integrated networks
human-cyber-physical collaboration
multi-source emergency data
real-time analysis and processing
intelligent decision-making service. Furthermore
we proposed a key technical framework of emergency surveying and mapping. The progress of emergency surveying and mapping technology is reviewed
which includes emergency communication and high-precision positioning
multi-source disaster data acquisition and fusion
typical disaster modelling and spatial-temporal analysis
emergency rescue command and protection services. In addition
taking the holographic reality information base
the typical disaster situation simulation system
and the space-air-ground integrated command platform as examples
the application of emergency surveying and mapping service system is introduced. The intelligent emergency surveying and mapping service technology is prospected from the directions of the theoretical system of intelligent emergency surveying and mapping
emergency data governance
emergency large model
and active service of intelligent emergency surveying and mapping.
Conclusions
2
Technological advances in the AI era have provided accurate and efficient processing methods for emergency surveying and mapping
enhancing response speed and adaptability to complex situations. Faced with the increasingly severe needs of disaster risk and emergency management
the studies expand and deepen the theoretical basis and application practice of emergency surveying and mapping
and provide a set of systematic
refined and intelligent solutions for emergency management. It enhances the scientific and adaptability of disaster response measures
and also provides a solid theoretical basis and advanced technical support for building a comprehensive disaster management framework.
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