Evaluation of GPS/BDS-3 Satellite Attitude Products and Impact on Precise Data Processing

GENG Tao; ZHAO Pu; XIE Xin; CHENG Lingyue

doi:10.13203/j.whugis20240155

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Evaluation of GPS/BDS-3 Satellite Attitude Products and Impact on Precise Data Processing

Geodesy and Survey Engineering | 更新时间：2026-11-05

- Evaluation of GPS/BDS-3 Satellite Attitude Products and Impact on Precise Data Processing
- Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University Vol. 51, Issue 5, Pages: 914-924(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.武汉大学卫星导航定位技术研究中心，湖北武汉，430079
  2.武汉大学测绘学院，湖北武汉，430079
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13203/j.whugis20240155
  CLC： P228
- Received：07 December 2024，
  
  Published：05 May 2026
- 稿件说明：
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耿涛,赵普,谢新，等.GPS/BDS-3卫星姿态产品评估及对精密数据处理的影响[J].武汉大学学报（信息科学版）,2026,51(5):914-924.

GENG Tao,ZHAO Pu,XIE Xin,et al.Evaluation of GPS/BDS-3 Satellite Attitude Products and Impact on Precise Data Processing[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(5):914-924.
耿涛,赵普,谢新，等.GPS/BDS-3卫星姿态产品评估及对精密数据处理的影响[J].武汉大学学报（信息科学版）,2026,51(5):914-924. DOI：,10.13203/j.whugis20240155

GENG Tao,ZHAO Pu,XIE Xin,et al.Evaluation of GPS/BDS-3 Satellite Attitude Products and Impact on Precise Data Processing[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(5):914-924. DOI：,10.13203/j.whugis20240155

摘要

卫星姿态对全球卫星导航系统（global navigation satellite system，GNSS）精密数据处理具有重要影响，国际GNSS服务（international GNSS service，IGS）分析中心使用ORBEX（ORBit EXchange）格式以四元数形式发布卫星姿态产品。选取的4个IGS多GNSS实验分析中心包括武汉大学（Wuhan University，WUM）、欧洲定轨中心（Center for Orbit Determination in Europe，COD）、德国地学研究中心（GeoForschungsZentrum，GFZ）和法国国家空间研究中心（Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales，CNES），评估了2023年全年4个分析中心的GPS与北斗三号卫星导航系统（BeiDou-3 satellite navigation system，BDS-3）卫星姿态产品，重点分析了偏航机动时期各分析中心的姿态差异，并研究了姿态产品对精密数据处理的影响。评估姿态产品发现，在卫星偏航机动时期，不同分析中心使用了不同姿态模型，其中GFZ产品与其他分析中心差异较大，偏航角差异可达180°，且存在偏航角跳变等现象；除GPS Block IIF卫星外，WUM与COD产品较为一致。与名义姿态相比，姿态产品可以显著改善GPS/BDS-3卫星钟差的连续性，当四元数姿态与名义姿态偏转方向相反时，钟差二次差序列标准差下降85%。用户需要使用与服务端轨道钟差配套的卫星姿态产品，不一致的姿态会影响卫星天线相位中心和相位缠绕改正；与名义姿态相比，姿态产品使东、北、天方向的动态精密单点定位精度分别提升了31%、20%、28%。

Abstract

Objectives

Satellite attitudes have a significant impact on global navigation satellite system (GNSS) precise data processing. International GNSS service (IGS) analysis centers publish satellite attitude products in quaternion form using ORBEX (ORBit EXchange) format.

Methods

This paper selects 4 multi-GNSS experiment (MGEX) analysis centers including WUM (Wuhan University)

COD (Center for Orbit Determination in Europe)

GFZ (GeoForschungsZentrum) and CNES (Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales)

and collect GPS and BeiDou-3 satellite navigation system (BDS-3) satellite attitude products spanning the whole year of 2023 from different analysis centers. First

based on satellite attitude quaternions

the yaw angles of GPS/BDS-3 satellites are computed and compared by using corresponding conversion formulas. And the differences of yaw angles during the satellite yaw maneuvers are emphatically compared and analyzed. Then

GPS/BDS-3 precise satellite clock estimation and precise point positioning are conducted by using 122 global MGEX tracking stations

and the impact of satellite yaw attitude on GPS/BDS-3 precise data processing is investigated using different attitude products.

Results

Different attitude models are adopted by different analysis centers during yaw maneuvers. The model adopted by GFZ differs significantly from that of the other centers

and the yaw angle differences can be up to 180° while abnormal jumps are observed. Except for GPS Block IIF satellites

the models adopted by WUM and COD are consistent in general. Compared with the nominal attitudes

attitude products can significantly improve the continuity of the GPS/BDS-3 satellite clock estimation and can reduce the standard deviation of the clock quadratic-differences by 85% when opposite yaw directions between the quaternion and nominal attitudes are observed. Kinematic precise point positioning (PPP) experiments show that inconsistent attitude models can cause positioning deviations by affecting the satellite antenna phase center offset and phase wind-up corrections. Compared with the nominal attitudes

the attitude products can achieve the accuracy improvements of 31%

20%

and 28% for east

north

and up components

respectively.

Conclusions

We recommend that the users need to use satellite attitude products matching the corresponding orbit and clock products for GNSS precise data processing.

关键词

Keywords

references

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