Dynamic Maintenance of Regional Height Reference Frame Based on GNSS Reference Stations and Surface Mass Loading Data

JIANG Tao; ZHU Zhaorong; DANG Yamin; ZHANG Xiyue; YANG Qiang

doi:10.13203/j.whugis20240070

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Dynamic Maintenance of Regional Height Reference Frame Based on GNSS Reference Stations and Surface Mass Loading Data

Geodesy and Survey Engineering | 更新时间：2026-11-06

- Dynamic Maintenance of Regional Height Reference Frame Based on GNSS Reference Stations and Surface Mass Loading Data
- Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University Vol. 51, Issue 4, Pages: 657-667(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国测绘科学研究院，北京，100830
  2.北京房山人卫激光国家野外科学观测研究站，北京，100830
  3.空间基准全国重点实验室，北京，100830
  4.北京市测绘设计研究院，北京，100038
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13203/j.whugis20240070
  CLC： P228
- Received：13 June 2024，
  
  Published：05 April 2026
- 稿件说明：
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蒋涛,朱照荣,党亚民，等.联合GNSS基准站和地表质量负荷数据的区域高程参考框架动态维持[J].武汉大学学报（信息科学版）,2026,51(4):657-667.

JIANG Tao,ZHU Zhaorong,DANG Yamin,et al.Dynamic Maintenance of Regional Height Reference Frame Based on GNSS Reference Stations and Surface Mass Loading Data[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(4):657-667.
蒋涛,朱照荣,党亚民，等.联合GNSS基准站和地表质量负荷数据的区域高程参考框架动态维持[J].武汉大学学报（信息科学版）,2026,51(4):657-667. DOI：10.13203/j.whugis20240070

JIANG Tao,ZHU Zhaorong,DANG Yamin,et al.Dynamic Maintenance of Regional Height Reference Frame Based on GNSS Reference Stations and Surface Mass Loading Data[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(4):657-667. DOI：10.13203/j.whugis20240070

摘要

为降低区域高程参考框架维持的工作量和成本，提升其现势性，提出了一种以全球导航卫星系统（global navigation satellite system

GNSS）基准站为核心节点，对区域高程参考框架进行动态维持的方法，利用基准站数据和地表质量负荷数据（陆地水储量、海底压力和大气压）确定测站的正常高变化，对测站正常高进行动态修正。利用中国北京市沉降区5个GNSS基准站超过8 a的GNSS数据、地表质量负荷数据及多期水准网数据对该方法进行验证，结果表明：多年GNSS与地表质量负荷数据联合确定的正常高变化精度优于11 mm，大部分测站精度优于5 mm，正常高变化的1个月外推误差最大为13 mm。采用移去-恢复法和质量负荷格林函数积分方法，由地表质量负荷数据推算基准站高程异常变化并进行相应改正，能显著提升正常高变化的确定精度。优选具有长期连续观测、数据质量良好的GNSS基准站，实现区域高程参考框架动态维持。

Abstract

Objectives

Regional height reference frame is usually maintained by geodetic leveling network. However

leveling observation is characterized by heavy workload

high cost and low efficiency

which makes the height reference frame quite difficult to maintain

especially in the area of land subsidence. We present a method to dynamically maintain the regional height reference frame based on the combination of GNSS (global navigation satellite system) reference station and surface mass loading data aiming to reduce the workload and cost and improve the timeliness.

Methods

In this method

GNSS reference stations are selected as the core nodes of the regional height reference frame

GNSS observations and surface mass loading data (land water storage

sea level height and atmospheric pressure) are used to determine the normal height changes and then update the normal heights at these core stations. The normal height change is composed of change in geodetic height and height anomaly. The GNSS reference stations are taken as the core nodes of height control network

geodetic height changes of these stations are obtained by GNSS coordinate time series analysis using least squares method. Height anomaly changes at these stations are computed using the remove-restore method and local Green's function integration based on surface mass loading data.

Results

The method is validated using GNSS observations over 8 years at 5 reference stations

surface mass loading data and multi-session geodetic leveling data in the subsidence area of Beijing. The numerical results demonstrate that the accuracy of the normal height changes determined from the combination of GNSS data and surface mass loading data is better than 11 mm

with most stations achieving accuracy better than 5 mm. The maximum extrapolation error for one month of normal height changes is 13 mm.

Conclusions

By applying the height anomaly change corrections that derived from the surface mass loading data using the remove-compute-restore technique and the Green's function integral method

the accuracy of normal height changes can be significantly improved. By selecting the GNSS reference stations with long-term continuous observations and good data quality as the core stations

the dynamic maintenance of regional height reference frame can be realized.

关键词

Keywords

references

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