Dynamic Evolution on a Small-Scale Topography of the Core-Mantle Boundary Based on Cellular Automata

ZHANG Yonggang; WANG Zhengtao

doi:10.13203/j.whugis20240044

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

Dynamic Evolution on a Small-Scale Topography of the Core-Mantle Boundary Based on Cellular Automata

Geodesy and Survey Engineering | 更新时间：2026-11-05

- Dynamic Evolution on a Small-Scale Topography of the Core-Mantle Boundary Based on Cellular Automata
- Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University Vol. 51, Issue 2, Pages: 336-344(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  武汉大学测绘学院，湖北武汉，430079
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13203/j.whugis20240044
  CLC： P223
- Received：05 November 2024，
  
  Published：05 February 2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
张勇刚,王正涛.使用元胞自动机动态重构核幔边界小尺度地形[J].武汉大学学报（信息科学版）,2026,51(2):336-344.

ZHANG Yonggang,WANG Zhengtao.Dynamic Evolution on a Small-Scale Topography of the Core-Mantle Boundary Based on Cellular Automata[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(2):336-344.
张勇刚,王正涛.使用元胞自动机动态重构核幔边界小尺度地形[J].武汉大学学报（信息科学版）,2026,51(2):336-344. DOI：10.13203/j.whugis20240044

ZHANG Yonggang,WANG Zhengtao.Dynamic Evolution on a Small-Scale Topography of the Core-Mantle Boundary Based on Cellular Automata[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(2):336-344. DOI：10.13203/j.whugis20240044

摘要

使用元胞自动机重构核幔边界（core-mantle boundary，CMB）处的饱和流体层厚度与地形粗糙度，旨在为研究CMB地形提供小尺度信息。根据CMB的物理性质，模型演化的动力学过程被抽象为一组时间独立性的平稳随机过程。在模型二维网格中，元胞尺寸与地幔颗粒统一，并处于地幔硅酸盐氧化物、轻质元素饱和的核心流体和不饱和核心流体3种状态之一。不同元胞状态的转变通过表征核幔边界处溶解、结晶和扩散物理过程的速率参数控制。模型演化至稳态后，CMB在元胞单元的尺寸上产生了小尺度地形变化，几十厘米厚的饱和流体层出现在CMB的分界处。研究表明，随着液态外核中饱和轻质元素质量分数与实际轻质元素质量分数的差值增大，溶解和结晶的动力学过程变快，饱和流体边界层的厚度逐渐增加，并且随时间变化的振荡更加明显；上边界和下边界的粗糙度也有相似的特征，随着饱和轻质元素质量分数与实际轻质元素质量分数的差值增大，上、下边界的粗糙度增大且随时间变化的振荡更明显，反之，两者更接近时，上、下边界的粗糙度具有较小且较稳定的数值。

Abstract

Objectives

We use a cellular automaton model to simulate the thickness of the saturated fluid layer and the roughness of the core mantle boundary (CMB)

aiming to provide small-scale information for studying the undulations of the CMB.

Methods

The dynamic process of model evolution is abstracted as a set of stationary stochastic processes without memory based on the physical properties of the CMB. In the two-dimensional grid of the model

the cell size is consistent with the mantle particles and is in one of three states: Mantle solid

saturated core fluid with light elements

and unsaturated core fluid with light elements. The transition of different cellular states is controlled by rate parameters that characterize the physical processes of dissolution

crystallization

and diffusion at the nuclear mantle boundary.

Results

After the model evolved to a steady state

small-scale topographic changes occurred at the size of the cell units at the core mantle boundary

with a saturated fluid layer several tens of centimeters thick appearing at the boundary between the core and mantle boundaries.

Conclusions

Research has shown that as the difference between the mass fraction of saturated light elements in the liquid outer core and the actual mass fraction of light elements increases

the dynamic processes of dissolution and crystallization become faster

and the thickness of the saturated fluid boundary layer gradually increases

with more pronounced oscillations over time. The roughness of the upper and lower boundaries also has similar characteristics. As the difference between the mass fraction of saturated light elements in the liquid outer core and the actual mass fraction of light elements increases

the roughness of the upper and lower boundaries increases and oscillates more significantly over time. Conversely

when the two are closer

the roughness of the upper and lower boundaries has a smaller and more stable value. The experimental results are consistent with the simulation calculation results of relevant scholars

which provide new experimental ideas for studying small-scale information of the core-mantle boundary and simulating its dynamic evolution process.

关键词

Keywords

references

崔荣花，方剑，刘杰，等 . 利用低阶大地水准面异常反演大尺度核幔边界起伏［J］. 武汉大学学报（信息科学版）， 2018 ， 43 （ 5 ）： 658 - 663 .

CUI Ronghua ， FANG Jian ， LIU Jie ， et al . Using Lower Degrees of Geoid Anomalies to Invert Large Scale Undulations of Core-Mantle Boundary ［J］. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University ， 2018 ， 43 （ 5 ）： 658 - 663 .

MORELLI A ， DZIEWONSKI A M . Topography of the Core-Mantle Boundary and Lateral Homogeneity of the Liquid Core ［J］. Nature ， 1987 ， 325 （ 6106 ）： 678 - 683 .

崔荣花，方剑，陈铭 . 瞬态地幔对流引起的大尺度核幔边界起伏的数值模拟［J］. 大地测量与地球动力学， 2020 ， 40 （ 3 ）： 281 - 286 .

CUI Ronghua ， FANG Jian ， CHEN Ming . Numerical Simulation of Large-Scale Core-Mantle Boundary Topography Relief Caused by Instantaneous Mantle Flow ［J］. Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics ， 2020 ， 40 （ 3 ）： 281 - 286 .

孙和平，刘清超，崔小明，等 . 利用重力和VLBI技术检测地球液态核的动力学效应［J］. 武汉大学学报（信息科学版）， 2018 ， 43 （ 12 ）： 2058 - 2063 .

SUN Heping ， LIU Qingchao ， CUI Xiaoming ， et al . Detection of the Geodynamics of Earth's Liquid Core by Using Gravity and VLBI Techniques ［J］. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University ， 2018 ， 43 （ 12 ）： 2058 - 2063 .

张志刚，刘锦，张毅刚，等 . 硅酸盐熔体和液态铁的两相模拟与核幔间的氧交换［J］. 地球物理学报， 2022 ， 65 （ 11 ）： 4249 - 4258 .

ZHANG Zhigang ， LIU Jin ， ZHANG Yigang ， et al . Coexistence Simulations of Silicate Melts and Liquid Iron and the Exchanges of Oxygen Between the Earth’s Mantle and Core ［J］. Chinese Journal of Geophysics ， 2022 ， 65 （ 11 ）： 4249 - 4258 .

LAY T ， WILLIAMS Q ， GARNERO E J . The Core-Mantle Boundary Layer and Deep Earth Dynamics ［J］. Nature ， 1998 ， 392 （ 6675 ）： 461 - 468 .

POIRIER J P . Transport Properties of Liquid Metals and Viscosity of the Earth’s Core ［J］. Geophysical Journal International ， 1988 ， 92 （ 1 ）： 99 - 105 .

KNITTLE E ， JEANLOZ R . Simulating the Core-Mantle Boundary： An Experimental Study of High-Pressure Reactions Between Silicates and Liquid Iron ［J］. Geophysical Research Letters ， 1989 ， 16 （ 7 ）： 609 - 612 .

POIRIER J P ， LE MOUËL J L . Does Infiltration of Core Material into the Lower Mantle Affect the Observed Geomagnetic Field？［J］. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors ， 1992 ， 73 （ 1/2 ）： 29 - 37 .

MANCINELLI N ， SHEARER P . Scattered Energy from a Rough Core-Mantle Boundary Modeled by a Monte Carlo Seismic Particle Method： Application to PKKP Precursors ［J］. Geophysical Research Letters ， 2016 ， 43 （ 15 ）： 7963 - 7972 .

EARLE P S ， SHEARER P M . Observations of PKKP Precursors Used to Estimate Small-Scale Topography on the Core-Mantle Boundary ［J］. Science ， 1997 ， 277 （ 5326 ）： 667 - 670 .

Wu W ， Ni S ， Shen Z . Constraining the Short Scale Core-Mantle Boundary Topography Beneath Kenai Peninsula （Alaska） with Amplitudes of Core-reflected PcP Wave ［J］. Physics of the Earth & Planetary Interiors ， 2014 ， 236 ： 60 - 68 .

ROST S ， EARLE P S . Identifying Regions of Strong Scattering at the Core-Mantle Boundary from Analysis of PKKP Precursor Energy ［J］. Earth and Planetary Science Letters ， 2010 ， 297 （ 3/4 ）： 616 - 626 .

NARTEAU C ， LE MOUËL J L ， POIRIER J P ， et al . On a Small-Scale Roughness of the Core-Mantle Boundary ［J］. Earth and Planetary Science Letters ， 2001 ， 191 （ 1/2 ）： 49 - 60 .

MANDEA M ， NARTEAU C ， PANET I ， et al . Gravimetric and Magnetic Anomalies Produced by Dissolution-Crystallization at the Core-Mantle Boundary ［J］. Journal of Geophysical Research： Solid Earth ， 2015 ， 120 （ 9 ）： 5983 - 6000 .

Lallemand P . Lattice-Gas Cellular Automata： Simple Models of Complex Hydrodynamics ［J］. Comparative Biochemistry & Physiology A Comparative Physiology ， 1997 ， 55 （ 1 ）： 29 . DOI： 10 http://dx.doi.org/10 .

Gardener M . MATHEMATICAL GAMES： The Fantastic Combinations of John Conway’s New Solitaire Game Life ［J］. Scientific American ， 1970 ， 223 ： 120 - 123 .

张山山 . 基于CA的时空过程模拟建模方法［J］. 武汉大学学报（信息科学版）， 2004 ， 29 （ 2 ）： 175 - 178 .

ZHANG Shanshan . CA-Based Modeling of Spatio-Temporal Processes Simulation ［J］. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University ， 2004 ， 29 （ 2 ）： 175 - 178 .

TUCKER G E ， HOBLEY D E J ， HUTTON E ， et al . CellLab-CTS 2015： Continuous-Time Stochastic Cellular Automaton Modeling Using Landlab ［J］. Geoscientific Model Development ， 2016 ， 9 （ 2 ）： 823 - 839 .

CHEUNG D ， PEREZ-DELGADO C A . Cellular Automata as a Model of Physical Systems ［J］. Journal of Cellular Automata ， 2008 ， 5 （ 6 ）： 469 - 480 .

GUTHRIE R I L . The Physical Properties of Liquid Metals ［M］. Oxford ： Oxford University Press ， 1988 .

HERNLUND J W ， MCNAMARA A K . The Core–Mantle Boundary Region ［M］// Treatise on Geophysics . Amsterdam ： Elsevier ， 2015 ： 461 - 519 .

GARNERO E J . Heterogeneity of the Lowermost Mantle ［J］. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences ， 2000 ， 28 ： 509 - 537 .

DOORNBOS D J ， HILTON T . Models of the Core-Mantle Boundary and the Travel Times of Internally Reflected Core Phases ［J］. Journal of Geophysical Research： Solid Earth ， 1989 ， 94 （ B11 ）： 15741 - 15751 .

Views

下载量

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Tools

Publicity Resources

Autonomous Robotic Mapping for Complex Spaces： Progress， Challenges and Future Perspectives

A Framework for Evaluating Geospatial Cognitive Abilities of Multimodal Large Language Models for Brain-Inspired Spatial Intelligence

Tectonic Geodesy： Research Advancements， Opportunities， and Challenges

Research Progress in Eco-Geological Environmental Monitoring and Construction of an Intelligent Monitoring System in the Qinling Mountains

A Review of Multi-scale Geospatial Data Updating Methods

Related Author

No data

Related Institution

No data

AI问答

⁰