A High Accuracy DEM Interpolation Method Considering the Heterogeneous Distribution of Elevations in Areas with Breaklines

WANG Xingjie; CHEN Dongxing; CHEN Chuanfa; XU Lianzhong; HONG Zhuangzhuang

doi:10.13203/j.whugis20230364

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A High Accuracy DEM Interpolation Method Considering the Heterogeneous Distribution of Elevations in Areas with Breaklines

Cartography and GIS | 更新时间：2026-11-05

- A High Accuracy DEM Interpolation Method Considering the Heterogeneous Distribution of Elevations in Areas with Breaklines
- Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University Vol. 50, Issue 11, Pages: 2303-2310(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.山东科技大学测绘与空间信息学院,山东青岛，266590
  2.山东省煤田地质局第二勘探队,山东济宁，272100
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13203/j.whugis20230364
  CLC： P208
- Received：27 August 2024，
  
  Published：05 November 2025
- 稿件说明：
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王兴杰,陈东兴,陈传法，等.顾及空间异质性的断裂地形区高精度DEM建模方法[J].武汉大学学报（信息科学版）,2025,50(11):2303-2310.

WANG Xingjie,CHEN Dongxing,CHEN Chuanfa,et al.A High Accuracy DEM Interpolation Method Considering the Heterogeneous Distribution of Elevations in Areas with Breaklines[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2025,50(11):2303-2310.
王兴杰,陈东兴,陈传法，等.顾及空间异质性的断裂地形区高精度DEM建模方法[J].武汉大学学报（信息科学版）,2025,50(11):2303-2310. DOI：10.13203/j.whugis20230364

WANG Xingjie,CHEN Dongxing,CHEN Chuanfa,et al.A High Accuracy DEM Interpolation Method Considering the Heterogeneous Distribution of Elevations in Areas with Breaklines[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2025,50(11):2303-2310. DOI：10.13203/j.whugis20230364

摘要

在数字高程模型（digital elevation model，DEM）建模过程中，传统插值方法以地表光滑连续为基本假设，且只考虑了采样点和待插值点之间的空间相关性，忽略了诸如断裂线等不连续地形特征带来的空间异质性影响，导致断裂线周围的高程被平滑，进而使得构建的DEM失真。针对上述问题，提出一种顾及空间异质性的多元径向基函数插值方法。该方法耦合了空间距离、高差、法向量3种地形信息，充分考虑了采样点和待插值点之间的空间相关性和地形特征异质性，确保地形断裂区DEM高精度建模。以国际摄影测量与遥感协会提供的10组公共数据和1组机载激光雷达点云数据为研究对象，将所提方法与结构张量约束的插值方法以及3种传统插值方法（包括标准径向基插值法、不规则三角网法、ANUDEM法（Australian National University DEM））进行比较，结果表明，所提方法的平均总误差最小，插值性能最优，而且还能较好地保持断裂地形特征。

Abstract

Objectives

In the process of digital elevation model (DEM) modeling

the traditional interpolation methods are based on the assumption that the surface is smooth and continuous

only considering the spatial correlation between the sampling point and the interpolated point

while ignoring the influence of heterogeneous distribution of elevations in areas with breaklines. This causes the elevation around the breaklines to be smoothed

and distorts the constructed DEMs.

Methods

This study proposes a multivariate radial basis function interpolation method that takes into account spatial heterogeneity. This method couples three kinds of terrain information

including spatial distance

height difference

and normal vector

and fully considers the spatial correlation and heterogeneity between the sampling point and the interpolated point.

Results

Taking 10 public datas provided by international society for photogrammetry and remote sensing and 1 airborne light detection and ranging point cloud data as examples

we compared the proposed method with the interpolation method that considers the structural tensor constraint

and three traditional interpolation methods including standard radial basis function

triangulated irregular network

Australian National University DEM. Results show that the average total error of the method in this paper is the smallest

the interpolation performance is the best

and it can better maintain terrain features in the breakline area.

Conclusions

In short

the quality of the treatment of breakline terrain largely affect the authenticity and accuracy of the DEM's terrain expression. The proposed method can effectively capture the spatial distribution characteristics of breakline terrain

which is conducive to achieving high-quality DEM modeling.

关键词

Keywords

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