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1.华北理工大学矿业工程学院,河北 唐山,063210
2.华北理工大学电气工程学院,河北 唐山,063210
Received:12 March 2024,
Published:05 December 2025
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孟庆港,汪金花,王赛楠,等.MEMS IMU实测磁信号MNMF盲源分离降噪及匹配定位分析[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2025,50(12):2580-2591.
MENG Qinggang,WANG Jinhua,WANG Sainan,et al.Denoising and Matching Localization of MNMF Blind Source Separation Algorithm for Measured Magnetic Signals by MEMS IMU[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2025,50(12):2580-2591.
孟庆港,汪金花,王赛楠,等.MEMS IMU实测磁信号MNMF盲源分离降噪及匹配定位分析[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2025,50(12):2580-2591. DOI:10.13203/j.whugis20230186
MENG Qinggang,WANG Jinhua,WANG Sainan,et al.Denoising and Matching Localization of MNMF Blind Source Separation Algorithm for Measured Magnetic Signals by MEMS IMU[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2025,50(12):2580-2591. DOI:10.13203/j.whugis20230186
针对微机电系统惯性测量单元(micro electro mechanical system inertial measurement unit,MEMS IMU)量测信号噪声大、来源复杂,利用盲源解混算法对动态磁序列进行了噪声分离和降噪效果的系统研究。引入乘性误差和加性误差,建立MEMS IMU动态测量磁场值误差扰动模型,分析MEMS IMU在腰部、手腕及脚踝3处磁测量噪声扰动规律,并在非负矩阵分解盲源解混模型基础上,根据磁数值特点引入重加权稀疏约束条件,构建了动态磁序列非负矩阵分解(magnetic nonnegative matrix factorization,MNMF)盲源解混模型。试验采用FVM-400磁力仪测量静态磁基准库,MEMS IMU装置采集动态行走磁序列,开展了快速独立成分分析(fast independent component analysis,FastICA)、MNMF磁信号盲源解混试验。试验结果表明,在磁扰动解混的仿真试验中,FastICA、MNMF算法对混合磁信号解混分离指数均小于0.1,可以有效分离磁信号中人员行走噪声、设备振动噪声和静态磁序列;在MEMS IMU实测磁数值解混试验中,MNMF可以有效分离出与静态磁序列相近的信号,能够提高行人动态行走状态下磁匹配定位的概率,验证了MNMF盲源分离降噪对匹配定位的有效性,也为室内自主定位磁量测值降噪处理提供了新的理论基础。
Objectives
2
With the development of indoor positioning technology towards continuity
precision
and intelligence
autonomous indoor positioning technology has become a research hotspot. The inertial acceleration and magnetic field values of the carrier can be obtained using micro electro mechanical system inertial measurement unit (MEMS IMU)
which is an important device in positioning. However
there are difficulties in the complex noise of dynamic measurement values. For the high noise of measurement signals in low-cost MEMS IMUs
the noise separation and denoising of dynamic magnetic sequences are conducted by using blind source unmixing separation algorithm.
Methods
2
An error model using multiplicative parameters and additive errors for MEMS IMU dynamic measurement is constructed
which expresses the error source of magnetic signals in real-time. The magnetic measurement noise disturbance law of MEMS IMU is analyzed at waist
hand and foot
then a new algorithm magnetic nonnegative matrix factorization is constructed based on the nonnegative matrix factorization with adding the reweighted sparse constraint equation. The static magnetic value were measured using an FVM-400 magnetometer in study area
and magnetic sequences of pedestrian in walking using MEMS IMU. it were conducted on blind source unmixing separation and denoise test of magnetic signals using fast independent component analysis (FastICA) and magnetic nonnegative matrix factorization (MNMF) algorithms.
Results
2
The results show that: the performance index of FastICA and MNMF is less than 0.1 in the simulation test of magnetic disturbance unmixing. It can effectively separate the walking noise
equipment vibration noise and static magnetic sequence in the magnetic signal. FastICA has better separation effect on periodic noise
MNMF can accurately unmix the static magnetic value
and the correlation coefficient reaches 0.996 8. In the unmixing experiment of the measured dynamic magnetic sequence
the MNMF algorithm can separate signals similar to the static magnetic sequence
which keep relatively good magnetic spatial sequence feature
but the separation accuracy for other noises is poor. In addition
MNMF algorithm has obvious noise reduction on the measured dynamic magnetic sequence. The experiment shows that the matching probability of the magnetic sequence after denoising with the MNMF algorithm can be significantly improved
especially for magnetic sequence at hand after denoising. The probability reaches about 95 % with the 3-meter matching length.
Conclusions
2
For the unmixed and separated the measured magnetic sequence using the MNMF algorithm
most irrelevant interference noise can be separated
and the unmixed signal is similar to the static magnetic sequence
which can improve the probability and accuracy of the geomagnetic matching positioning in the dynamic walking of the pedestrian. The noise separation of dynamic magnetic measurement using MNMF has certain effectiveness
which provides a new theoretical basis for magnetic measurement denoise of indoor autonomous positioning.
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