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1.中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司川西钻探公司
2.中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 新兴产业发展事业部
3.长江大学石油工程学院
Received:27 January 2026,
Revised:2026-05-15,
Accepted:25 May 2026,
Published:25 September 2026
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游炎平,董钟骏,肖朝艳,等.钻井循环罐清洁机器人原位柔性臂设计与运动特性分析[J].石油机械,2026,54(9):54-62.
You Yanping,Dong Zhongjun,Xiao Chaoyan,et al.Design and motion characteristics of in-situ flexible manipulator robot for mud tank cleaning[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2026,54(9):54-62.
游炎平,董钟骏,肖朝艳,等.钻井循环罐清洁机器人原位柔性臂设计与运动特性分析[J].石油机械,2026,54(9):54-62. DOI: 10.12473/CPM.202601095.
You Yanping,Dong Zhongjun,Xiao Chaoyan,et al.Design and motion characteristics of in-situ flexible manipulator robot for mud tank cleaning[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2026,54(9):54-62. DOI: 10.12473/CPM.202601095.
钻井循环罐长期运行后易产生沉积物堆积,而传统人工清理方式存在空间狭窄、劳动强度大及安全风险高等问题。柔性机械臂因具备良好的环境适应能力,被认为是受限空间自动化作业的重要方案。然而,现有柔性机械臂在弯曲构形下难以实现稳定扭转,导致装备末端难以在目标位置保持稳定姿态。针对上述问题,提出一种面向钻井循环罐作业的原位扭转柔性机器人结构方案,在不显著改变整体构形的前提下,实现柔性臂在弯曲状态下的稳定原位扭转能力。该机器人采用模块化设计,由腱驱动弯曲模块、独立扭转模块及长度为3 500 mm的蛇形模块组成,实现了弯曲与扭转运动的有效解耦。基于恒定曲率假设,建立了柔性臂运动学模型,分析了驱动参数与末端位姿之间的映射关系,并研究了纯弯曲、纯扭转和融合运动3种模式下的运动特性。结合数值仿真与室内试验,对样机在15°~120°不同弯曲角度下的原位扭转性能进行了定量分析。研究结果表明:所提出的驱动参数规划方法能够实现不同弯曲构形下的稳定原位扭转;在伸直状态与最大弯曲构形下,柔性臂最大扭转变形量分别为11.4和90.8 mm;系统平均位置误差、旋转误差和方向误差分别为153 mm、208.88°和2.70°。方差分析表明,尽管误差会随弯曲角度增大而增加,但系统整体运行稳定,未出现明显失稳现象,相关误差满足钻井循环罐受限空间作业需求。研究结果可为复杂受限空间柔性装备的结构设计与运动控制提供工程参考。
Sediments tend to accumulate in mud tanks after prolonged operation, and traditional manual cleaning faces problems such as narrow space, high labor intensity and high safety risks. Flexible manipulators with good environmental adaptability are considered as an important solution for automated operation in confined spaces. However, existing flexible manipulators can hardly perform stable torsional motion in a bent configuration, making the equipment difficultly maintain a stable end-effector posture at target positions. This paper presents a structure of flexible robot with in-situ torsion for mud tank operations, which delivers stable in-situ torsion of the flexible manipulator in the bending state without significantly changing the overall configuration. The robot adopts a modular design, composed of a tendon-driven bending module, an independent torsion module, and a 3 500-mm-long serpentine module, enabling effective decoupling of bending and torsion motions. Based on the constant curvature assumption, a kinematic model of the flexible manipulator was established to analyze the mapping relationships between the driving parameters and the end-effector posture and to understand the motion characteristics under three modes (bending, torsion, and bending + torsion). Through numerical simulation and laboratory tests, the in-situ torsion performance of the prototype at bending angles of 15°-120° was quantitatively analyzed. The results show that the proposed driving parameter planning method can realize stable in-situ torsion under different bending configurations. In the straight and maximum bending configurations, the maximum torsional deformations of the flexible manipulator are 11.4 mm and 90.8 mm, respectively, and the average position error, rotation error and orientation error of the system are 153 mm, 208.88° and 2.70°, respectively. As revealed in variance analysis, although the errors increase with the bending angle, the overall system operates stably without obvious instability, and the errors meet the requirements of confined space operation in mud tanks. The research findings provide engineering reference for the structural design and motion control of flexible equipment in complex confined spaces.
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