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1.中国矿业大学(北京)能源与矿业学院
2.煤炭智能开采与岩层控制全国重点实验室
3.中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与工程全国重点实验室
Received:12 December 2025,
Revised:2026-03-10,
Accepted:13 March 2026,
Published:25 September 2026
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王宇,冯彦军,赵凯凯,等.非淹没条件下旋转磨料水射流破碎砂岩参数影响规律研究[J].石油机械,2026,54(9):72-82.
Wang Yu,Feng Yanjun,Zhao Kaikai,et al.Influences of parameters during sandstone breaking by swirling abrasive water jet under non-submerged conditions[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2026,54(9):72-82.
王宇,冯彦军,赵凯凯,等.非淹没条件下旋转磨料水射流破碎砂岩参数影响规律研究[J].石油机械,2026,54(9):72-82. DOI: 10.12473/CPM.202512043.
Wang Yu,Feng Yanjun,Zhao Kaikai,et al.Influences of parameters during sandstone breaking by swirling abrasive water jet under non-submerged conditions[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2026,54(9):72-82. DOI: 10.12473/CPM.202512043.
旋转磨料水射流技术可以在水平钻孔周围建立多分支流体通道,预先形成弱化结构,在低垂向应力条件下更易实现裂缝定向扩展,配合压裂实现顶板破断控制,解决悬顶问题。然而,在射流破岩过程中,施工环境由淹没条件转变为非淹没条件,非淹没条件下旋转磨料水射流破碎砂岩的效果和成孔形态尚不明确。基于煤矿井下钻孔内部非淹没工况,开展非淹没条件下旋转磨料水射流破岩室内试验,对比了淹没/非淹没条件下的差异,揭示了关键参数对破岩效果的影响规律,确定了非淹没条件下的最优参数组合。研究结果表明:淹没/非淹没条件下旋转磨料射流破岩的成孔形态均为内含中部倒锥体的规则圆孔;对比于淹没条件,非淹没条件下的成孔深度和成孔体积分别增加了76.89%和116.61%;各成孔参数均随泵压和喷射时间的增加而增大;随着喷射距离的增加,成孔直径增大,而成孔深度和成孔体积先增加后减小;对比于清水,添加磨料颗粒明显增大射流破岩的成孔参数,成孔直径和成孔深度分别增大了46.42%和295.61%;该试验条件下的最优作业参数组合为泵压25 MPa、喷射距离30 mm、喷射介质为质量分数10%石英砂、喷射时间600 s。在曹家滩煤矿122103工作面进行工业性试验,井下原位测定非淹没条件下旋转磨料水射流破岩的成孔直径为50 mm,成孔深度为40 mm。研究结果可为非淹没条件下旋转磨料水射流定点冲蚀破岩成孔提供理论依据和试验数据。
The swirling abrasive water jet technology can create multi-branch fluid channels around horizontal boreholes and form pre-weakened structures, which facilitates directional fracture propagation under low vertical stress conditions. Combined with hydraulic fracturing, this technology can achieve controlled roof fracturing and solve the problem of roof suspension. However, during jet rock-breaking, the operating environment changes from submerged to non-submerged conditions. The sandstone breaking efficiency and drilling hole morphology by swirling abrasive water jet under non-submerged conditions remain unclear. Based on the non-submerged conditions in coal mine underground boreholes, laboratory tests on rock breaking by swirling abrasive water jet under non-submerged conditions were conducted. The rock-breaking performances under submerged and non-submerged conditions were compared, the influences of key parameters on rock-breaking performance were identified, and the optimal parameter combination of swirling abrasive water jet under non-submerged conditions was determined. The results show that the holes formed during rock breaking by swirling abrasive water jet under both submerged and non-submerged conditions are regular circular holes with inverted cones in the middle. Compared with the submerged conditions, the hole depth and volume under non-submerged conditions increase by 76.89% and 116.61%, respectively. All hole parameters increase with the increase of jet pressure and jet duration. With the increase of standoff distance, the hole diameter increases, while the hole depth and volume increase and then decrease. Compared with clean water, abrasive particles significantly improve the hole parameters of jet rock-breaking, with the hole diameter and depth increased by 46.42% and 295.61%, respectively. Under the test conditions, the optimal parameter combination is determined as: jet pressure of 25 MPa, standoff distance of 30 mm, jet medium of quartz (10 mass %), and jet duration of 600 s. An industrial test was performed in the 122103 working face at Caojiatan Coal Mine. Underground in-situ measurement shows that the hole diameter and depth during rock breaking by swirling abrasive water jet under non-submerged conditions are 50 mm and 40 mm, respectively. The research provides theoretical basis and test data for fixed-point erosion rock breaking and hole formation by swirling abrasive water jets under non-submerged conditions.
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