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1.中国石油川庆钻探工程有限公司
2.中石油江汉机械研究所有限公司
3.成都工业学院智能制造学院
4.三一能源装备有限公司
Received:24 June 2025,
Revised:2026-06-28,
Accepted:07 November 2025,
Published:25 October 2026
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石宪峰,张增年,朱再思,等.万米钻机连续旋转智能铁钻工适应性技术研究[J].石油机械,2026,54(10):38-46.
Shi Xianfeng,Zhang Zengnian,Zhu Zaisi,et al.Adaptability technology of continuously-rotating intelligent iron roughneck for 10,000-meter drilling rig[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2026,54(10):38-46.
石宪峰,张增年,朱再思,等.万米钻机连续旋转智能铁钻工适应性技术研究[J].石油机械,2026,54(10):38-46. DOI: 10.12473/CPM.202506066.
Shi Xianfeng,Zhang Zengnian,Zhu Zaisi,et al.Adaptability technology of continuously-rotating intelligent iron roughneck for 10,000-meter drilling rig[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2026,54(10):38-46. DOI: 10.12473/CPM.202506066.
随着钻井深度向万米级进军,井下高温高压间接导致钻柱载荷和作业需求增加,传统铁钻工在超深井工况下暴露出作业效率低、自动化程度差、适应性不足等问题。为此,以川科1井为研究对象,针对四川盆地复杂地质条件及超深井连续高效作业需求,设计并研制了一种连续旋转智能铁钻工系统。该系统集成360°连续旋转钳头、多连杆柔性悬挂装置、接箍智能识别系统及一键式智能控制系统,实现了钻具快速精确夹持与全流程自动上卸扣作业。通过构建夹紧扭矩计算模型并引入动态工况修正系数,确保作业安全可靠。现场测试结果表明,该系统在钻井液、夜间及雨天等复杂环境下,接箍智能识别系统累计运行30 h,完成304次识别(上扣151次、卸扣153次),综合准确率达98%,高度定位平均偏差仅4.1 mm;铁钻工依据识别结果自动调节臂架高度,响应时间短于0.9 s,单次上卸扣作业时间为35~39 s,相较传统分体式铁钻工(平均每次50~60 s)效率提升30%~35%;自适应夹紧系统将牙板寿命提升至1 000次以上,咬痕深度严格控制在0.5 mm内;“一键式”控制降低人工操作强度90%,并通过多级互锁机制实现零安全事故。相较传统设备,本系统提升了一次性上扣成功率、钻具适应性与作业效率,可为万米钻机智能化升级提供重要工程支撑。
As drilling depths advance toward the 10,000-meter level, the downhole high-temperature and high-pressure conditions indirectly increase drill-string loads and operational demands, exposing the deficiencies of traditional iron roughnecks in ultra-deep wells, such as low efficiency, poor automation, and insufficient adaptability. Taking Well Chuanke-1 as the research object, and considering the complex geological conditions in the Sichuan Basin and the demand for continuous and efficient ultra-deep well operations, a continuously-rotating intelligent iron roughneck system was designed and developed. This system integrates a 360° continuously-rotating clamp head, a multi-link flexible suspender, a intelligent coupling recognition system, and a one-button intelligent control system, enabling rapid and precise clamping of drill pipes and fully automatic make-up and break-out operations throughout the entire process. A clamping torque calculation model was established and a dynamic operating-condition correction coefficient was introduced to ensure safe and reliable operations. Field test results show that in complex environments such as drilling fluid, nighttime, and rain, the intelligent coupling recognition system operates for a total of 30 hours, completing 304 recognitions (151 make-ups and 153 break-outs), with an overall accuracy of 98% and an average height-positioning deviation of only 4.1 mm. Based on the recognition results, the iron roughneck automatically adjusts the arm height with a response time of less than 0.9 s. The single make-up/break-out operation time is reduced to 35-39 s, representing an efficiency improvement of 30%-35% compared with 50-60 s for traditional split-type iron roughnecks. The adaptive clamping system extends the service life of the dies to over 1,000 times, with the bite depth strictly controlled within 0.5 mm. The one-button control reduces manual operation intensity by 90%, and the multi-level interlock mechanism achieves zero safety incidents. Compared with traditional equipment, this system significantly improves the one-time make-up success rate, drill-pipe adaptability, and operational efficiency, providing important engineering support for the intelligent upgrading of 10,000-meter drilling rigs.
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